Resultados maternos y neonatales de trillizos nacidos por diferentes métodos de embarazo

Abstract

Background

The incidence of multiple pregnancies has been increasing steadily for more than 30 years. The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical outcomes of mothers and triplets born by different pregnancy methods.

Material and methods

A longitudinal, observational, and analytical study conducted on a cohort of triplets born from January 2000 to December 2010.

Results

The analysis included a total of 82 sets of triplets, 246 (100%) neonates, with 12 (4.8%) deaths. The distribution of pregnant women according to the method was: 28 (34.1%) spontaneous pregnancies, 20 (24.3%) ovulation inducers 13 (15.8%), artificial insemination, and 21 (25.6%) by IVF-ET. The most frequent pathologies, in general, of all pregnancies were urinary tract infection 13.4%. The mean gestational age was 32.6 ± 1.7, range 25-36. The mean weight was 1561.52 ± 271.6, range 620-2460 g. Although intrauterine growth retardation occurred in 34% of all methods, there was no statistical difference. Respiratory disease was present in 34.6% of the total sample, with a statistical difference, P=.00014, respiratory distress syndrome was present in all methods P=.00014. Sepsis for the entire sample was 23.5%, and was distributed evenly for all methods. Only 2 cases of enterocolitis 2A were seen.

Conclusion

The highest percentage of pregnancies was spontaneous. All neonates were premature with low birth weight <2500 g. Respiratory problems (RDS, TTNB, and PAS) were statistically significant.