Priority Factors in the Disaster Mitigation Process for Vulnerable Communities: Case Study of Mount Merapi

Abstract

Disaster vulnerability that occurs in Indonesia is closely related to geographical and geological conditions. The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) stated that throughout 2021, the number of natural disasters reached 3,058 events. This condition certainly needs to be addressed with disaster mitigation. One of the most active volcanoes in the world is Merapi which is located in Sleman, Boyolali and Magelang regencies. Law no. 24 of 2007 states that there are communities that are vulnerable to disasters, namely children, the elderly, women and people with disabilities who need mitigation both before, during and after the eruption. This study aims to analyze the priority factors in the disaster mitigation process. The research method uses a sequential mixed method with a quantitative analytical hierarchy process (AHP) analysis tool. The results showed that there were 3 main factors, namely 1) institutional, 2) external and 3) internal in order. Each of them is reduced to a derivative factor of assistance local government, the character of local leaders and geographic actors. External factors consist of disaster mitigation literacy, infrastructure preparation, early warning system and community preparation. Meanwhile, internal factors consist of education, regional potential, social capital and sense of belonging.