H. Tjahjono, F. Hanafi, Edy Trihatmoko, Aprilia Findayani, M. Miftahurridlo
Historically, the Kudus Regency in Central Java Province, Indonesia, has been prone to landslides. This study was conducted in the Gebog Sub-District of Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze the level of landslide disaster risk in the Gebog Sub-District, (2) to assess the current community-based landslide risk management activities undertaken by the local population in the Gebog Sub-District and (3) to formulate community-based landslide risk reduction management strategies to mitigate landslide risk. Variables for the level of landslide disaster risk include landslide hazards/threats, vulnerability to landslide hazards and community capacity to deal with landslides. Variables related to the management of landslide risk studied encompass pre-disaster, during-disaster and post-disaster activities by the community. Meanwhile, the variables for community-based landslide risk reduction management strategies include threat reduction, vulnerability reduction and enhancing community capacity before, during and after a landslide disaster. The research design is based on field surveys with 99 individuals as research subjects and 33 field units as samples. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews and analysis was conducted using scoring and ranking. The research findings indicate that the current community-based landslide risk management activities are still low. From the research and focus group discussions, new strategies for community-based landslide risk reduction management were identified to reduce landslide risk.
{"title":"Disaster Management and Landslide Risk Reduction Strategies in The Gebog Sub-District of Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"H. Tjahjono, F. Hanafi, Edy Trihatmoko, Aprilia Findayani, M. Miftahurridlo","doi":"10.25303/174da025039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/174da025039","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, the Kudus Regency in Central Java Province, Indonesia, has been prone to landslides. This study was conducted in the Gebog Sub-District of Kudus Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The objectives of this study are: (1) to analyze the level of landslide disaster risk in the Gebog Sub-District, (2) to assess the current community-based landslide risk management activities undertaken by the local population in the Gebog Sub-District and (3) to formulate community-based landslide risk reduction management strategies to mitigate landslide risk. Variables for the level of landslide disaster risk include landslide hazards/threats, vulnerability to landslide hazards and community capacity to deal with landslides. Variables related to the management of landslide risk studied encompass pre-disaster, during-disaster and post-disaster activities by the community. Meanwhile, the variables for community-based landslide risk reduction management strategies include threat reduction, vulnerability reduction and enhancing community capacity before, during and after a landslide disaster. The research design is based on field surveys with 99 individuals as research subjects and 33 field units as samples. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews and analysis was conducted using scoring and ranking. The research findings indicate that the current community-based landslide risk management activities are still low. From the research and focus group discussions, new strategies for community-based landslide risk reduction management were identified to reduce landslide risk.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ionospheric plasma disturbances typically correlate with irregularities in electron density and ionospheric scintillations are produced in reaction to these variations generating radio signal fluctuations. Geolocation services and space based communication are endangered due to ionospheric scintillation which promptly produces fluctuations in information collected by Global Navigation Satellite Systems and this is at its strongest when the solar cycle is at its peak. Ionospheric space weather has a significant impact on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and one crucial aspect used in investigating ionospheric characteristics is total electron content (TEC). Due to fluctuations in time and space, the TEC obtained from GNSS signals is nonlinear and nonstationary. In this study, machine learning approaches for Classification of the ionospheric scintillations were used during the high solar activity and geomagnetic storm in the month of July 2023. This approach enables the classification of ionospheric phase scintillations using well-known classifiers: Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine.
{"title":"Classification of Ionospheric Scintillations during high Solar Activity and Geomagnetic Storm over Visakhapatnam Region using Machine Learning Approach","authors":"N. Shiva Kumar, V.B.S. Srilatha Indira Dutt","doi":"10.25303/174da011017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/174da011017","url":null,"abstract":"The ionospheric plasma disturbances typically correlate with irregularities in electron density and ionospheric scintillations are produced in reaction to these variations generating radio signal fluctuations. Geolocation services and space based communication are endangered due to ionospheric scintillation which promptly produces fluctuations in information collected by Global Navigation Satellite Systems and this is at its strongest when the solar cycle is at its peak. Ionospheric space weather has a significant impact on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and one crucial aspect used in investigating ionospheric characteristics is total electron content (TEC). Due to fluctuations in time and space, the TEC obtained from GNSS signals is nonlinear and nonstationary. In this study, machine learning approaches for Classification of the ionospheric scintillations were used during the high solar activity and geomagnetic storm in the month of July 2023. This approach enables the classification of ionospheric phase scintillations using well-known classifiers: Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"2004 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Lampoko watershed is the biggest watershed in South Sulawesi's Barru Regency. Flooding is a common occurrence in this area, particularly tidal flooding. To get around this, this research uses a geographic information system to estimate land cover and reveal how an organization will grow in the future. This forecast is meant to help plan preventive measures in organizational regions where flooding is anticipated. The CA-Markov model was used to analyze satellite imagery data (Landsat 8 OLI TIRS Year 2015-2021). The findings revealed an increasing pattern of land cover change in several land cover classes that were hubs of communal activity including villages, fisheries (ponds) and agricultural (rice fields). Balusu, Lampoko and Ajakkang are areas that need to be prepared for since they are part of regions with a high likelihood of flooding in the future.
{"title":"Forecast of Land Cover Change as a Sustainable Flood Prevention Strategy using Cellular Automata Model in Lampoko Watershed, South Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"Cahyadi Nugroho, Ramli Umar, Mithen","doi":"10.25303/173da016024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/173da016024","url":null,"abstract":"The Lampoko watershed is the biggest watershed in South Sulawesi's Barru Regency. Flooding is a common occurrence in this area, particularly tidal flooding. To get around this, this research uses a geographic information system to estimate land cover and reveal how an organization will grow in the future. This forecast is meant to help plan preventive measures in organizational regions where flooding is anticipated. The CA-Markov model was used to analyze satellite imagery data (Landsat 8 OLI TIRS Year 2015-2021). The findings revealed an increasing pattern of land cover change in several land cover classes that were hubs of communal activity including villages, fisheries (ponds) and agricultural (rice fields). Balusu, Lampoko and Ajakkang are areas that need to be prepared for since they are part of regions with a high likelihood of flooding in the future.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koki Kadoya, Yuya Yamato, Koichi Hayashida, Masaho Yoshida, Zhenjiang Shen
Virtual reality has the potential to be a unique tool to experience simulated disasters in a dynamic and immersive environment. Researchers thus developed an experience-based tsunami drill in a virtual reality space using a tsunami evacuation simulation on a head-mounted display. A 3D model of Mikuni-Minato area, Sakai City, Fukui Prefecture, Japan, was built based on data. Questionnaires survey were supplied to 28 participants who were residents of the Mikuni-Minato area. The questionnaire included items on the effectiveness of tsunami simulation, evacuation behavior, awareness of disaster management and possible future actions after the evacuation drill. The findings reveal that the evacuation drill effectively improved awareness of disaster management among local residents. In particular, 46.4% stated “I decided to improve the evacuation route,” 67.9% stated “I realized that disaster drills were important,” and 60.1% stated “Will prepare disaster goods.” While the study confirmed the effectiveness of VR-based drills using head-mounted devices, we suggest further improvements to make the simulations more realistic.
{"title":"Improvement awareness of disaster management using virtual reality-based tsunami disaster drills","authors":"Koki Kadoya, Yuya Yamato, Koichi Hayashida, Masaho Yoshida, Zhenjiang Shen","doi":"10.25303/173da01007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/173da01007","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality has the potential to be a unique tool to experience simulated disasters in a dynamic and immersive environment. Researchers thus developed an experience-based tsunami drill in a virtual reality space using a tsunami evacuation simulation on a head-mounted display. A 3D model of Mikuni-Minato area, Sakai City, Fukui Prefecture, Japan, was built based on data. Questionnaires survey were supplied to 28 participants who were residents of the Mikuni-Minato area. The questionnaire included items on the effectiveness of tsunami simulation, evacuation behavior, awareness of disaster management and possible future actions after the evacuation drill. The findings reveal that the evacuation drill effectively improved awareness of disaster management among local residents. In particular, 46.4% stated “I decided to improve the evacuation route,” 67.9% stated “I realized that disaster drills were important,” and 60.1% stated “Will prepare disaster goods.” While the study confirmed the effectiveness of VR-based drills using head-mounted devices, we suggest further improvements to make the simulations more realistic.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"189 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil erosion is a significant form of land degradation that profoundly affects agricultural and ecosystem sustainability. The present study aimed at addressing this issue by developing precise and feasible erosion susceptibility map in Chite watershed, India, using integrated approach combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Geographic Information System (GIS). To evaluate erosion susceptibility conditions, multiple causative factors including elevation, slope, drainage density, distance from streams, land use / land cover, rainfall intensity, normalized difference vegetation index, lithology, soil texture and lineament density were selected. These factors and their sub-classes were prioritized by AHP method based on their relative influence on soil erosion. Subsequently, the calculated AHP weights were utilized for generating a spatial dataset of soil erosion susceptibility through GIS technology. Accuracy assessment by the area under the ROC curve (AUC) reveals considerably acceptable results for the predicted map when compared to erosion inventory, producing an accuracy level of 0.812 (81%) and 0.922 (92%) for erosion and non-erosion points respectively. Thus, the present study manifests the efficiency of integrating the AHP and GIS techniques for erosion susceptibility mapping in the Chite watershed and this may serve as a valuable tool for sustainable land management and erosion control.
{"title":"Integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS techniques based Soil Erosion Susceptibility Mapping in Chite Watershed, Mizoram, India","authors":"PC. Lalrindika, R. Zonunsanga, P. Rinawma","doi":"10.25303/173da025034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/173da025034","url":null,"abstract":"Soil erosion is a significant form of land degradation that profoundly affects agricultural and ecosystem sustainability. The present study aimed at addressing this issue by developing precise and feasible erosion susceptibility map in Chite watershed, India, using integrated approach combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Geographic Information System (GIS). To evaluate erosion susceptibility conditions, multiple causative factors including elevation, slope, drainage density, distance from streams, land use / land cover, rainfall intensity, normalized difference vegetation index, lithology, soil texture and lineament density were selected. These factors and their sub-classes were prioritized by AHP method based on their relative influence on soil erosion. Subsequently, the calculated AHP weights were utilized for generating a spatial dataset of soil erosion susceptibility through GIS technology. Accuracy assessment by the area under the ROC curve (AUC) reveals considerably acceptable results for the predicted map when compared to erosion inventory, producing an accuracy level of 0.812 (81%) and 0.922 (92%) for erosion and non-erosion points respectively. Thus, the present study manifests the efficiency of integrating the AHP and GIS techniques for erosion susceptibility mapping in the Chite watershed and this may serve as a valuable tool for sustainable land management and erosion control.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"696 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sri Ramya Nanna, Madhusudhan M. Reddy, Suryaprakash V. Reddy, R. Saikumar, D.V. Tanuja
This study presents a comprehensive approach utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess dam break risks with a specific focus on the Nagarjuna Sagar earthen dam. The study examines the numerical analysis of water flow dynamics resulting from a dam break. To depict this phenomenon, a two-dimensional numerical model employing the volume of fluid method was developed. The mathematical framework incorporates the Reynolds-averaged incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with the turbulent k-e model and was employed. The computational approach employed in this study is the SIMPLE algorithm. The CFD analysis involved meshing with 42,282 nodes and 41,680 elements, while boundary conditions included one velocity inlet and three pressure outlets open to the atmosphere. The flow was initialized with a 5 m dam site, scaled down at 1:10 (1 meter in the model representing 10 meters in reality). Data were collected for various time intervals (1s, 2s, 2.5s, 3s and 5s), The results of this study reveal the flow velocity patterns following dam break events for the specified time intervals. The outcomes are presented in terms of velocity magnitude vectors, static pressure, dynamic pressure, total pressure, turbulence kinetic energy, volume fraction contours and velocity magnitude profiles at different distances from the dam site (1m, 2m, 5m and 7m). A total of 250 iterations were performed to achieve these results, providing valuable insights into the dynamics of dam break scenarios. This research contributes to a better understanding of the potential consequences of dam failures and aids in improving risk assessment and mitigation strategies for dams.
{"title":"A Comprehensive approach using CFD and GIS for dam break risk analysis: A case study on Nagarjuna Sagar earthen dam","authors":"Sri Ramya Nanna, Madhusudhan M. Reddy, Suryaprakash V. Reddy, R. Saikumar, D.V. Tanuja","doi":"10.25303/173da035047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/173da035047","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a comprehensive approach utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess dam break risks with a specific focus on the Nagarjuna Sagar earthen dam. The study examines the numerical analysis of water flow dynamics resulting from a dam break. To depict this phenomenon, a two-dimensional numerical model employing the volume of fluid method was developed. The mathematical framework incorporates the Reynolds-averaged incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with the turbulent k-e model and was employed. The computational approach employed in this study is the SIMPLE algorithm. The CFD analysis involved meshing with 42,282 nodes and 41,680 elements, while boundary conditions included one velocity inlet and three pressure outlets open to the atmosphere. The flow was initialized with a 5 m dam site, scaled down at 1:10 (1 meter in the model representing 10 meters in reality). Data were collected for various time intervals (1s, 2s, 2.5s, 3s and 5s), The results of this study reveal the flow velocity patterns following dam break events for the specified time intervals. The outcomes are presented in terms of velocity magnitude vectors, static pressure, dynamic pressure, total pressure, turbulence kinetic energy, volume fraction contours and velocity magnitude profiles at different distances from the dam site (1m, 2m, 5m and 7m). A total of 250 iterations were performed to achieve these results, providing valuable insights into the dynamics of dam break scenarios. This research contributes to a better understanding of the potential consequences of dam failures and aids in improving risk assessment and mitigation strategies for dams.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"197 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Janaki, M. Madhusudhan Reddy, K. Ravi Kumar, B. Sharath Chandra, O.S.D. Hima Bindu
Case studies within the framework of "Remote Sensing-Based Early Warning Systems for Slope Failures" present real-world instances of applying remote sensing technologies in monitoring slopes and detecting changes in elevation. The study focuses on Himachal Pradesh, India, known for its rugged terrain and varying climatic conditions. Himachal Pradesh, situated in North-West India, spans from 30°22'40" to 33°12'20" north latitudes and 75°45'55" to 79°04'20" east longitudes. With altitudes ranging from 271 meters to 6,751 meters, this mountain region exhibits diverse topography and climate. Geospatial data reveals its complexities, combining elevation, slope, hillside and roughness information to offer insights into the terrain's dynamics. The geological map highlights the State's Precambrian formations shaped by the collision of the Indian and Asian landmasses, resulting in the distinctive Himalayan landscape. The region has also experienced concentrated orographic precipitation, glacial activity and rapid erosion. Analyzing historical earthquakes and active faults reveals the seismic activity's correlation with landslides, highlighting their potential to trigger slope failures. The landslide inventory map records 6,289 landslides, outlining their distribution and movement patterns. Further insight is gained from the Landslide sustainability map, classifying regions into susceptibility levels. Integrated geospatial analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of Himachal Pradesh's terrain, offering practical applications in risk assessment, infrastructure planning and environmental conservation.
{"title":"Remote Sensing based Early Warning Systems for Detection and Assessment of Landslides: A Case Study of Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"V. Janaki, M. Madhusudhan Reddy, K. Ravi Kumar, B. Sharath Chandra, O.S.D. Hima Bindu","doi":"10.25303/173da048060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/173da048060","url":null,"abstract":"Case studies within the framework of \"Remote Sensing-Based Early Warning Systems for Slope Failures\" present real-world instances of applying remote sensing technologies in monitoring slopes and detecting changes in elevation. The study focuses on Himachal Pradesh, India, known for its rugged terrain and varying climatic conditions. Himachal Pradesh, situated in North-West India, spans from 30°22'40\" to 33°12'20\" north latitudes and 75°45'55\" to 79°04'20\" east longitudes. With altitudes ranging from 271 meters to 6,751 meters, this mountain region exhibits diverse topography and climate. Geospatial data reveals its complexities, combining elevation, slope, hillside and roughness information to offer insights into the terrain's dynamics. The geological map highlights the State's Precambrian formations shaped by the collision of the Indian and Asian landmasses, resulting in the distinctive Himalayan landscape. The region has also experienced concentrated orographic precipitation, glacial activity and rapid erosion. Analyzing historical earthquakes and active faults reveals the seismic activity's correlation with landslides, highlighting their potential to trigger slope failures. The landslide inventory map records 6,289 landslides, outlining their distribution and movement patterns. Further insight is gained from the Landslide sustainability map, classifying regions into susceptibility levels. Integrated geospatial analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of Himachal Pradesh's terrain, offering practical applications in risk assessment, infrastructure planning and environmental conservation.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"104 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Disaster is a significant problem that extensively affects society and the community. Predicting the effects of a disaster is difficult for several reasons. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of disasters across several timeframes, ranging from immediate to long-term. To construct a plausible model, the proposed solution considers the available disaster datasets from various agencies (e.g. SMS, ISC, NDMC etc.). A methodology for assessing the long-term effects of disasters utilizing well-liked machine learning techniques is presented here. It consists of the algorithms for Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boost Decision Tree and XG Boost. The algorithms' classification accuracy for the provided data sets is 56%, 63%, 83% and 91% respectively. The proposed work also examines the various levels of disaster severity and suggests solutions for each level to improve preparedness and response measures.
{"title":"Long-term Impact Assessment of Disasters through Predictive Analytics","authors":"S.K. Mishra, S. Rahamatkar","doi":"10.25303/173da08015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/173da08015","url":null,"abstract":"Disaster is a significant problem that extensively affects society and the community. Predicting the effects of a disaster is difficult for several reasons. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of disasters across several timeframes, ranging from immediate to long-term. To construct a plausible model, the proposed solution considers the available disaster datasets from various agencies (e.g. SMS, ISC, NDMC etc.). A methodology for assessing the long-term effects of disasters utilizing well-liked machine learning techniques is presented here. It consists of the algorithms for Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boost Decision Tree and XG Boost. The algorithms' classification accuracy for the provided data sets is 56%, 63%, 83% and 91% respectively. The proposed work also examines the various levels of disaster severity and suggests solutions for each level to improve preparedness and response measures.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"696 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salma Ezzahzi, A. Abdellah, Algouti Ahmed, Soukaina Baid
Beach rock is an interesting and distinctive formation, especially in contrast to other types of rock formations. There is a geological formation that is very similar to this one in the Moroccan province of Souiria Laqdima which is located on the coast of the Atlantic. Given the lack of previous research and studies on this topic in Morocco, the objective of this project is to investigate and identify a selection of the beach rocks that can be found along the Atlantic coast. For that, some beach rock samples were collected along the shore of Souiria Laqdima located close to the mouth of Oued Tensift and then to go for quantitative mineralogical investigations namely XRD and XRF analysis. The diffraction spectra demonstrate the presence of components that were formed as a consequence of erosion in the hinterland. These elements include quartz, feldspars, ferromagnesians, some calcite and other phyllosilicates. Calcite, aragonite and magnesian calcite are all inherent elements; as a result, they are considered to be marine elements. Most of the clay minerals have a continental provenance and a detritic origin such as kaolinite, illite and chlorite; however, a specific percentage of these minerals has a diagenetic origin in this marine environment. The examination with X-ray fluorescence reveals the existence of both quartz and feldspar. However, it also contains a significant amount of calcite and even some magnesian calcite. The petrographic study allowed us to determine, first, the nature of the cement in the beach rocks which was found to be calcite and magnesia calcite in the majority of the samples and secondly, the traces of bioturbations as well as the action and contribution of the burrows, on the fixing of the pebbles and on the cementing of the beach rocks.
{"title":"Petrographic and mineralogical study of the beach rocks of Souiria Laqdima coast, Morocco","authors":"Salma Ezzahzi, A. Abdellah, Algouti Ahmed, Soukaina Baid","doi":"10.25303/171da01010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/171da01010","url":null,"abstract":"Beach rock is an interesting and distinctive formation, especially in contrast to other types of rock formations. There is a geological formation that is very similar to this one in the Moroccan province of Souiria Laqdima which is located on the coast of the Atlantic. Given the lack of previous research and studies on this topic in Morocco, the objective of this project is to investigate and identify a selection of the beach rocks that can be found along the Atlantic coast. For that, some beach rock samples were collected along the shore of Souiria Laqdima located close to the mouth of Oued Tensift and then to go for quantitative mineralogical investigations namely XRD and XRF analysis. The diffraction spectra demonstrate the presence of components that were formed as a consequence of erosion in the hinterland. These elements include quartz, feldspars, ferromagnesians, some calcite and other phyllosilicates. Calcite, aragonite and magnesian calcite are all inherent elements; as a result, they are considered to be marine elements. Most of the clay minerals have a continental provenance and a detritic origin such as kaolinite, illite and chlorite; however, a specific percentage of these minerals has a diagenetic origin in this marine environment. The examination with X-ray fluorescence reveals the existence of both quartz and feldspar. However, it also contains a significant amount of calcite and even some magnesian calcite. The petrographic study allowed us to determine, first, the nature of the cement in the beach rocks which was found to be calcite and magnesia calcite in the majority of the samples and secondly, the traces of bioturbations as well as the action and contribution of the burrows, on the fixing of the pebbles and on the cementing of the beach rocks.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"101 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A bracing system is a common type of construction used in multi-storyed buildings for strengthening the structure. This type of technique may be used for retrofitting of existing building. Steel braced frame is used to resist earthquake loads in multistoried buildings. Steel bracing systems are affordable, simple to install, take up less space and may be designed in a variety of ways to achieve the desired strength and stiffness. In this study, three different heights of building model were considered to analyze the effect of bracing systems. For the study, each model is considered to be different bracing system viz. X-bracing, diagonal bracing, inverted V-bracing, eccentric bracing. The bracing is provided for peripheral columns of each model. Using STAAD Pro software, the building models were analyzed for seismic zone IV according to IS 1893: 2002. According to the results, the X type of steel bracing significantly increases structural rigidity and reduces the maximum interstorey drift of the frames. Global and story drifts are used to analyze the building's performance.
支撑系统是多层建筑中常用的一种加固结构的建筑类型。这种技术可用于现有建筑的改造。钢支撑框架用于抵抗多层建筑的地震荷载。钢支撑系统价格低廉、安装简单、占用空间小，而且可以通过多种设计方法达到所需的强度和刚度。本研究考虑了三种不同高度的建筑模型，以分析支撑系统的效果。在研究中，每个模型都考虑了不同的支撑系统，即 X 支撑、对角支撑、倒 V 支撑和偏心支撑。每个模型的外围支柱都有支撑。根据 IS 1893: 2002 标准，使用 STAAD Pro 软件对建筑模型进行了 IV 区地震分析。分析结果表明，X 型钢支撑能显著提高结构刚度，降低框架的最大层间漂移。全局漂移和层间漂移用于分析建筑物的性能。
{"title":"Seismic effect of steel bracing systems in RC frame models","authors":"Madan Kumar, Vijay Kumar, Kunal Kumar, Ashish Kumar, Akash Priyadarshee","doi":"10.25303/171da035043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/171da035043","url":null,"abstract":"A bracing system is a common type of construction used in multi-storyed buildings for strengthening the structure. This type of technique may be used for retrofitting of existing building. Steel braced frame is used to resist earthquake loads in multistoried buildings. Steel bracing systems are affordable, simple to install, take up less space and may be designed in a variety of ways to achieve the desired strength and stiffness. In this study, three different heights of building model were considered to analyze the effect of bracing systems. For the study, each model is considered to be different bracing system viz. X-bracing, diagonal bracing, inverted V-bracing, eccentric bracing. The bracing is provided for peripheral columns of each model. Using STAAD Pro software, the building models were analyzed for seismic zone IV according to IS 1893: 2002. According to the results, the X type of steel bracing significantly increases structural rigidity and reduces the maximum interstorey drift of the frames. Global and story drifts are used to analyze the building's performance.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"173 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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