Reanimación neonatal en prematuros de 27 a 30 semanas de gestación, con determinación de requerimientos de oxígeno, porcentaje de saturación y su relación con la morbilidad neonatal

Abstract

Introduction

Due to the risk of premature infants suffering from hyperoxic reperfusion injury, it is reasonable to control the oxygen supply without exposing them to excessive levels.

Objective

To determine the oxygen requirements and saturation levels, at 5 and 10 minutes during neonatal resuscitation, and their association with neonatal morbidity in premature neonates between 27 and 30 weeks of gestational age.

Material and methods

An observational and analytical study was conducted. The inclusion criteria were, neonates between 27 and 30 weeks of gestational age, and the exclusion criteria were, major congenital defects, and death before 36 weeks of gestational age. They were divided into two groups: Group 1, those with gestational age of 27-28 weeks, and Group 2, those with 29-30 weeks. An analysis was performed on the prenatal and neonatal variables, oxygen requirements, oxygen saturation, and neonatal morbidity.

Results

There were 39 patients in Group 1, and 31 in Group 2. The fraction inspired average of oxygen for Group 1 at 5 minutes was 77.56% and for Group 2 it was 64.9%, P = .045. Group 1 required a higher concentration of oxygen to reach saturations > 80%. An increased risk of intraventricular haemorrhage was observed in Group 1 (OR 3.21, 95% CI; 1.07-9.60). As regards the morbidity of both groups, there was no relationship with oxygen saturation during the neonatal resuscitation.

Conclusion

Neonatal morbidity is multifactorial. In this study no relationship was found between neonatal morbidity and oxygen saturation during resuscitation.