Determination and Quantification of Some Organochlorines, Organophosphorus, Carbamates and Pyrethroids Pesticide Residues in Fresh and Frozen Fish in Jordan

Abstract

Contamination of aquatic systems with pesticides occurs frequently. This study aimed to detect the levels of some pesticides: organochlorines, organophosphorus, pyrethroids, and carbamates groups in imported frozen and local fresh fish in Jordan. A total of 218 samples were randomly collected (194 imported frozen fish). Samples were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/Ms/Ms). Results showed that 23 different pesticides were found in this study. All 218 fish samples were contaminated with at least 4 compounds and maximally 12 pesticides. In terms of contamination rate, no significant differences between local and imported types were observed. Up to 65.2% of pesticides were detected at concentration higher than the maximum residue limit set by the WHO (10 ppb) in 215 samples (98.6%). These samples concluded heavy contaminations with different pesticides for either imported or locally raised products. Therefore, routine monitoring of pesticides in fish and their environment are officially required.