Downstream Effects of Frayed Relations: Juror Race, Judgment, and Perceptions of Police

IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Race and Justice Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI:10.1177/21533687231178322
Mona Lynch, Emily V. Shaw
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Abstract

Building on research demonstrating significant differences in how Black and White Americans view law enforcement, this study assesses how those differential views shape potential jurors’ decision-making in the context of a federal drug conspiracy case in which the primary evidence against the defendant is provided by an FBI agent and an informant cooperating with the agent. A sample of 649 Black and White jury-eligible U.S. citizens were exposed to the case, in which a Black defendant is being tried, and where the informant-witness race (Black or White) was varied. Participants determined verdict, evaluated evidence, and completed additional measures. Results indicated that Black participants were significantly less likely to convict than White participants, especially in the White informant condition; rated the law enforcement witness as less credible, and viewed police more negatively across three composite measures. Exploratory analysis of how juror race and gender interacted indicates Black women largely drove racial differences in verdicts. Perceptions of police legitimacy mediated the relationship between juror race and verdict choice. We conclude that it is critical that citizens are not prevented from being seated on juries due to skepticism about police, given the risk of disproportionate exclusion of Black potential jurors. The legal processes relevant to juror excusals need to be reconsidered to ensure that views of police, rooted in actual experience or knowledge about the problems with fair and just policing, are not used to disproportionately exclude persons of color, or to seat juries overrepresented by people who blindly trust police.
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紧张关系的下游效应:陪审员种族、判断和对警察的看法
这项研究表明,美国黑人和白人对执法的看法存在显著差异,在此基础上,本研究评估了在联邦毒品阴谋案中,这些不同的观点如何影响潜在陪审员的决策,在该案中,针对被告的主要证据由联邦调查局探员和与探员合作的线人提供。649名符合陪审团条件的黑人和白人美国公民样本参与了这起案件,其中一名黑人被告正在接受审判,举报人和证人的种族(黑人或白人)各不相同。参与者确定判决,评估证据,并完成附加措施。结果表明,黑人参与者定罪的可能性明显低于白人参与者,尤其是在白人线人的情况下;在三项综合指标中,执法部门的证人被评为不太可信,对警方的看法更为负面。对陪审员种族和性别如何互动的探索性分析表明,黑人女性在很大程度上推动了判决中的种族差异。对警察合法性的认知介导了陪审员种族与判决选择之间的关系。我们的结论是,考虑到黑人潜在陪审员被不成比例地排除在外的风险,公民不能因为对警察的怀疑而被阻止进入陪审团,这一点至关重要。需要重新考虑与陪审员无罪释放相关的法律程序,以确保基于对公平公正警务问题的实际经验或知识的警察观点不会被用来不成比例地排斥有色人种,或让盲目信任警察的人所占比例过高的陪审团就座。
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来源期刊
Race and Justice
Race and Justice Multiple-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
19.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Race and Justice: An International Journal serves as a quarterly forum for the best scholarship on race, ethnicity, and justice. Of particular interest to the journal are policy-oriented papers that examine how race/ethnicity intersects with justice system outcomes across the globe. The journal is also open to research that aims to test or expand theoretical perspectives exploring the intersection of race/ethnicity, class, gender, and justice. The journal is open to scholarship from all disciplinary origins and methodological approaches (qualitative and/or quantitative).Topics of interest to Race and Justice include, but are not limited to, research that focuses on: Legislative enactments, Policing Race and Justice, Courts, Sentencing, Corrections (community-based, institutional, reentry concerns), Juvenile Justice, Drugs, Death penalty, Public opinion research, Hate crime, Colonialism, Victimology, Indigenous justice systems.
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