Investigation of attenuation parameters for concrete shielding using simulations through iterative approach and measurement

Abstract

The intensity of the ionizing radiations can be reduced by allowing them to pass through certain materials and such external materials are known as shields. The shielding material is often chosen based on the type and intensity of the radiation. The radionuclides of standard radioactive sources for calibration purpose or therapeutic use, the irradiated components that produce ionizing radiation of high intensity shall be attenuated by choosing relevant materials like mild steel, stainless steel, lead, or low ‘z’ materials in case of beta emission etc., So whatever be the shielding material, the thickness of the material holds a pivotal role in reduction of dose. Concrete is used as a more common building material in order to have an in situ protection rather than the material design and shielding. A software tool is developed (J-shielder) to find out the thickness of the shielding material to achieve the desired attenuation. The paper reveals that the numerical simulations performed to find out the attenuation of gamma rays while passing through ordinary concrete using the software. The execution of this application software is found useful in determining at the shield thickness of ordinary concrete for radionuclides of different strength and energies.   Key words: Ionizing radiation, shielding, attenuation, numerical simulation.