Clinical characteristics and outcome of children admitted with bronchiolitis at Sally Mugabe Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe

MD Kasekete, P. Kuona, C. Timire, JK Chun, K. Nathoo, H. Mujuru
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Abstract

Main Objective: To document clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted with bronchiolitis at the Children's Hospital, Harare March 2018 to February 2019. Study Design: A hospital based analytical cross sectional study. Study Setting: The study was conducted at the Children's Hospital, Sally Mugabe Hospital. Materials and Methods: Children aged 2months to 2 years hospitalised with bronchiolitis Results: A total of 206 children were recruited. Mean age was 5.4 (SD ±4.3) months with 148 (72%) less than six months.  The male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Only 15% of the children were born preterm (85%). The main symptoms were cough (91%), rhinorrhoea (69%) and hot body (66%). Thirteen percent had a comorbid condition. Physical examination findings were mainly tachypnoea (89%) and hypoxia (83%). A severe modified Tal (mTal) score was noted in 116(56%) children at admission and 51(25%) still had a severe mTal score when repeated within 12 hours of admission. The median length of hospital stay was 4 days (IQR 3; 6) and 90(44%) children had a prolonged stay (>4 days). Only 3 (1.5%) children died. A high repeat mTal score, wasting, hypoxia and expiratory/inspiratory wheezes, were associated with a prolonged hospital stay.  (p= 0.025, p= 0.004, p=0.001, p= 0.007 respectively). Conclusion: Majority of children admitted with bronchiolitis were less than 6 months of age. There was a male predominance. Bronchiolitis causes high morbidity but low mortality in children from this low-income setting.
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津巴布韦哈拉雷萨利穆加贝医院收治的毛细支气管炎儿童的临床特征和结局
主要目的:记录2018年3月至2019年2月在哈拉雷儿童医院收治的毛细支气管炎患者的临床特征和结局。研究设计:一项基于医院的分析横断面研究。研究环境:该研究在Sally Mugabe医院的儿童医院进行。材料和方法:2个月至2岁的毛细支气管炎住院儿童。结果:共招募206名儿童。平均年龄5.4 (SD±4.3)个月,其中小于6个月的148例(72%)。男女比例为1.8:1。只有15%的儿童早产(85%)。主要症状为咳嗽(91%)、流涕(69%)、体热(66%)。13%的人有合并症。体格检查主要表现为呼吸急促(89%)和缺氧(83%)。116例(56%)患儿入院时出现严重的改良Tal (mTal)评分,51例(25%)患儿入院后12小时内再次出现严重的Tal评分。中位住院时间为4天(IQR 3;有90例(44%)患儿住院时间延长(4 ~ 4天)。仅有3名(1.5%)儿童死亡。高重复tal评分、消瘦、缺氧和呼气/吸气喘息与住院时间延长有关。(p= 0.025, p= 0.004, p=0.001, p= 0.007)。结论:绝大多数毛细支气管炎患儿年龄小于6个月。男性占优势。毛细支气管炎在低收入地区的儿童中发病率高,但死亡率低。
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