Protective effect of vitamin C against theobromine induced hepatorenal and cardio toxicity in male albino Wistar rats

International journal of nutrition and metabolism Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI:10.5897/IJNAM2018.0246

U. Bassey, E. Akpanyung, D. U. Nwaokonko, Burch Takim Ndifon

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Abstract

The protective effect of vitamin C against theobromine induced toxicity in male albino Wistar rats was investigated. Twenty-five (25) male Wistar rats weighing between 140 – 160 g were divided into 5 groups with 5 rats in each group. Group 1 served as the control. Group 2 received 700 mg/kg body weight of theobromine daily for 4 days. Group 3 was administered 100 mg/kg body weight of Vitamin C daily for 21 days. Group 4 was intoxicated with 700 mg/kg of theobromine daily for 4 days before treatment with 100 mg/kg of Vitamin C for 21 days while Group 5 received 700 mg/kg of theobromine daily for 4 days and was allowed to recover naturally for 21 days. Biochemical indices of liver, kidney function and lipid profile were assayed using serum. The liver, kidney and heart tissues were used for histological studies. Significant increase (p<0.05) in serum enzyme activities and concentrations of urea, creatinine, total and LDL cholesterol as well as decreased HDL cholesterol concentration were observed in Group 2 compared to the control. Treatment with Vitamin C in Groups 3 and 4 significantly decreased (p<0.05) the activities of the serum enzymes, concentrations of urea, creatinine, total and LDL cholesterol while the concentration of HDL cholesterol was significantly increased when compared to Group 2. Histological evaluation of the liver, kidney and heart sections revealed degenerated cytoarchitecture and inflammation of these tissues following theobromine intoxication. However, the toxic features were observed to resolve in Group 4 when vitamin C was administered while cytoarchitectural degeneration persisted in Group 5. In conclusion, theobromine induced liver, kidney and cardio toxicity with negative modulation of lipid profile while vitamin C ameliorated the toxic effect of theobromine in albino Wistar rats. Key words: Vitamin C, theobromine, liver function, kidney function, lipid profile, cardiotoxicity.

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维生素C对可可碱诱导的雄性白化Wistar大鼠肝肾和心脏毒性的保护作用

研究了维生素C对可可碱致雄性白化Wistar大鼠毒性的保护作用。取体重140 ~ 160 g的雄性Wistar大鼠25只，随机分为5组，每组5只。第一组为对照组。2组每日给予可可碱700 mg/kg体重，连续4 d。第3组每日给予维生素C 100 mg/kg体重，连用21 d。第4组每天给可可碱700 mg/kg，连续4天，然后再给维生素C 100 mg/kg，连续21天;第5组每天给可可碱700 mg/kg，连续4天，自然恢复21天。用血清测定肝肾功能生化指标及血脂。采用肝、肾、心组织进行组织学研究。与对照组相比，第2组血清酶活性和尿素、肌酐、总胆固醇和LDL胆固醇浓度显著升高(p<0.05)， HDL胆固醇浓度显著降低。与2组相比，维生素C处理组3、4血清酶活性、尿素、肌酐、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度显著降低(p<0.05)， HDL胆固醇浓度显著升高。肝脏、肾脏和心脏切片的组织学评估显示可可碱中毒后这些组织的细胞结构变性和炎症。然而，当给予维生素C时，观察到第4组的毒性特征消退，而第5组的细胞结构变性持续存在。综上所述，可可碱对白化Wistar大鼠肝脏、肾脏和心脏的毒性作用通过负向调节脂质谱，而维生素C可改善可可碱的毒性作用。关键词:维生素C，可可碱，肝功能，肾功能，血脂，心脏毒性。

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International journal of nutrition and metabolism

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