{"title":"Between metropole and colony: Bordels militaires de campagne in colonial Morocco and France in the twentieth century","authors":"Catherine Phipps","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad016","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n Bordels militaires de campagne (BMCs) were French military brothels in North Africa under colonial occupation. This system was extended to metropolitan France during the First and Second World Wars due to fears of sexual violence or consensual relationships between Moroccan men and French women. Even after brothels were banned in metropolitan France in 1946, French military authorities illegally brought hundreds of Moroccan women to France to work in BMCs because of the Moroccan soldiers still present in the metropole. With poor living conditions, underage labour and a high workload, French military brothels exploited Moroccan women to theoretically ‘protect’ European women against sexual violence from Moroccan men. This was based on a racialized understanding of Moroccan masculinity. This article uses the experiences of these Moroccan women and details of the sex work system in Morocco to understand the systemic cruelty behind the operation of these French military brothels.","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"French History","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad016","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HISTORY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Bordels militaires de campagne (BMCs) were French military brothels in North Africa under colonial occupation. This system was extended to metropolitan France during the First and Second World Wars due to fears of sexual violence or consensual relationships between Moroccan men and French women. Even after brothels were banned in metropolitan France in 1946, French military authorities illegally brought hundreds of Moroccan women to France to work in BMCs because of the Moroccan soldiers still present in the metropole. With poor living conditions, underage labour and a high workload, French military brothels exploited Moroccan women to theoretically ‘protect’ European women against sexual violence from Moroccan men. This was based on a racialized understanding of Moroccan masculinity. This article uses the experiences of these Moroccan women and details of the sex work system in Morocco to understand the systemic cruelty behind the operation of these French military brothels.
BMCs (Bordels militaires de campagne)是法国在北非殖民统治时期的军事妓院。在第一次和第二次世界大战期间，由于担心摩洛哥男子和法国妇女之间的性暴力或双方同意的关系，这一制度扩展到法国大都市。即使在1946年法国大城市禁止妓院之后，法国军事当局仍然非法将数百名摩洛哥妇女带到法国的bmc工作，因为摩洛哥士兵仍然存在于大都市。由于恶劣的生活条件，未成年劳工和高工作量，法国军队妓院剥削摩洛哥妇女，理论上“保护”欧洲妇女免受摩洛哥男子的性暴力。这是基于对摩洛哥男子气概的种族化理解。本文以这些摩洛哥妇女的经历和摩洛哥性工作系统的细节，来了解这些法国军队妓院运作背后的系统性残酷。
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French History offers an important international forum for everyone interested in the latest research in the subject. It provides a broad perspective on contemporary debates from an international range of scholars, and covers the entire chronological range of French history from the early Middle Ages to the twentieth century. French History includes articles covering a wide range of enquiry across the arts and social sciences, as well as across historical periods, and a book reviews section that is essential reference for any serious student of French history.
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