Sarah Easterby-Smith, Cathy McClive, Richard Taws, Charles Walton
{"title":"Colin Jones: fox and hedgehog historian of France","authors":"Sarah Easterby-Smith, Cathy McClive, Richard Taws, Charles Walton","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139444934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Colin Jones way, or historical scholarship with a wink and a smile","authors":"J. B. Shank","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"25 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139446972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tensions and violence were central to the French interwar occupation of the Rhineland. This article examines symbolic opposition and violence carried out by locals, as perceived by the French authorities, mainly involving attacks on flags, singing banned patriotic songs, or displaying German patriotic colours. Although rarer than physical violence, the ways in which French officials documented and responded to such incidents allow for an insight into the mindset of the French occupiers. The victorious but sensitive French were especially concerned with notions of prestige, dignity and authority, drawing on colonial ideas, and quick to punish attacks on symbols of French power. Even during the beginning of the organized ‘passive resistance’ campaign in 1923, French authorities were as concerned with songs and flags as with demonstrations and physical violence. French sensitivity around national symbols betrayed deeper insecurities and uncertainties regarding their role both in the occupied territory and the wider world.
{"title":"A peacetime battleground: national symbols, patriotism and prestige in the French-occupied Rhineland, 1920–23","authors":"James E Connolly","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad053","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tensions and violence were central to the French interwar occupation of the Rhineland. This article examines symbolic opposition and violence carried out by locals, as perceived by the French authorities, mainly involving attacks on flags, singing banned patriotic songs, or displaying German patriotic colours. Although rarer than physical violence, the ways in which French officials documented and responded to such incidents allow for an insight into the mindset of the French occupiers. The victorious but sensitive French were especially concerned with notions of prestige, dignity and authority, drawing on colonial ideas, and quick to punish attacks on symbols of French power. Even during the beginning of the organized ‘passive resistance’ campaign in 1923, French authorities were as concerned with songs and flags as with demonstrations and physical violence. French sensitivity around national symbols betrayed deeper insecurities and uncertainties regarding their role both in the occupied territory and the wider world.","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"56 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article, inspired by Colin Jones’ ‘Bourgeois Revolution Revivified’, calls on historians to pay renewed attention to the social and economic contexts of the French Enlightenment, and its relationship to the rise of commercial capitalism. It criticizes influential works in the ‘social history of ideas’ for placing too much emphasis on the compatibility of the Enlightenment and Old Regime social structures, and instead suggests that French Enlightenment writing had a symbiotic relationship to the period’s consumer revolution. This relationship becomes clear if we recognize that consumerism centrally involved practices of self-cultivation. French Enlightenment writing not only provided the expanding reading public of the eighteenth century with tools and guides for self-cultivation, but actively encouraged the process through the styles and genres with which it sought to appeal to and interact with this public. The article concludes by noting that in the political context of late eighteenth-century France, social experience and intellectual exploration alike metamorphosed into pointed social critique, which worked especially to the benefit of the upper Third Estate—that is to say, France’s emerging bourgeoisie.
{"title":"‘Bourgeois Enlightenment Revivified’","authors":"David A Bell","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad058","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article, inspired by Colin Jones’ ‘Bourgeois Revolution Revivified’, calls on historians to pay renewed attention to the social and economic contexts of the French Enlightenment, and its relationship to the rise of commercial capitalism. It criticizes influential works in the ‘social history of ideas’ for placing too much emphasis on the compatibility of the Enlightenment and Old Regime social structures, and instead suggests that French Enlightenment writing had a symbiotic relationship to the period’s consumer revolution. This relationship becomes clear if we recognize that consumerism centrally involved practices of self-cultivation. French Enlightenment writing not only provided the expanding reading public of the eighteenth century with tools and guides for self-cultivation, but actively encouraged the process through the styles and genres with which it sought to appeal to and interact with this public. The article concludes by noting that in the political context of late eighteenth-century France, social experience and intellectual exploration alike metamorphosed into pointed social critique, which worked especially to the benefit of the upper Third Estate—that is to say, France’s emerging bourgeoisie.","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"133 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jupiter et Mercure: Le pouvoir présidentiel face à la presse","authors":"Adam Agowun","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Napoleon at Peace: How to End a Revolution","authors":"Malcolm Crook","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"78 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Gratitude Train was sent from France to America in 1949. Conceived as a ‘thank you’ for American help during and after the world wars, it contained 52,000 personal objects chosen and donated by French people who wanted to express their gratitude to Americans. The objects were divided between forty-nine boxcars, and each state received one of these boxcars containing approximately 1000 objects. What where these objects? Who sent them? Why have they been forgotten? Why do they matter? This article is interested not only in the story of the Gratitude Train, but in the stories within the objects themselves. By closely analysing a porcelain dog, a silver spoon and a painting, it traces the longer life biographies and trajectories of these objects and uncovers a range of both intended and unintended emotions as well as meanings, be they collective or individual. The unique and almost completely unknown Gratitude Train collection offers valuable inroads into our understanding of the relationship between objects, emotions and international relations, as well as into the materiality of gratitude at the heart of the age of extremes.
{"title":"The 52,000 gifts of the Gratitude Train: objects, emotions and Franco–American relations after the Second World War","authors":"Ludivine Broch","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad050","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Gratitude Train was sent from France to America in 1949. Conceived as a ‘thank you’ for American help during and after the world wars, it contained 52,000 personal objects chosen and donated by French people who wanted to express their gratitude to Americans. The objects were divided between forty-nine boxcars, and each state received one of these boxcars containing approximately 1000 objects. What where these objects? Who sent them? Why have they been forgotten? Why do they matter? This article is interested not only in the story of the Gratitude Train, but in the stories within the objects themselves. By closely analysing a porcelain dog, a silver spoon and a painting, it traces the longer life biographies and trajectories of these objects and uncovers a range of both intended and unintended emotions as well as meanings, be they collective or individual. The unique and almost completely unknown Gratitude Train collection offers valuable inroads into our understanding of the relationship between objects, emotions and international relations, as well as into the materiality of gratitude at the heart of the age of extremes.","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"52 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138950126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The soundtrack of immigration: a look back at the exhibition ‘Paris–Londres: Music Migrations (1962–1989)’ at the French National Museum of Immigration History","authors":"Angéline Escafré-Dublet","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ludivine Broch, William G Pooley, Andrew W M Smith
{"title":"Moving objects: French history and the study of material culture","authors":"Ludivine Broch, William G Pooley, Andrew W M Smith","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"39 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134992494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Between the 1848 Revolution and the Franco–Prussian War, the fallen Orléans dynasty lived in the western suburbs of London. Deprived of the throne, Louis-Philippe and his sons struggled to uphold their dignity and credentials as a ruling house. In this time of limbo, cultural pursuits—whether art collecting, exhibitions, literature—were a crucial means of integration into the elite tiers of British society. Material culture remained a central means by which the family affirmed and preserved their dual patriotic and dynastic credentials. Focusing on the collecting activities of the duc d’Aumale in London, this article explores how the experiences and opportunities of British exile profoundly shaped how the Orléans positioned themselves as custodians of French history and national identity. An act of cultural resistance against French governments that had banished and ‘denationalized’ them, art collecting offers a valuable window onto the family’s patriotic self-image and evolving political ambitions.
{"title":"Materializing France in exile: Henri, duc d’Aumale, the Orléans family and the transnational politics of collecting <i>c.</i> 1848–80","authors":"Tom Stammers","doi":"10.1093/fh/crad048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/fh/crad048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Between the 1848 Revolution and the Franco–Prussian War, the fallen Orléans dynasty lived in the western suburbs of London. Deprived of the throne, Louis-Philippe and his sons struggled to uphold their dignity and credentials as a ruling house. In this time of limbo, cultural pursuits—whether art collecting, exhibitions, literature—were a crucial means of integration into the elite tiers of British society. Material culture remained a central means by which the family affirmed and preserved their dual patriotic and dynastic credentials. Focusing on the collecting activities of the duc d’Aumale in London, this article explores how the experiences and opportunities of British exile profoundly shaped how the Orléans positioned themselves as custodians of French history and national identity. An act of cultural resistance against French governments that had banished and ‘denationalized’ them, art collecting offers a valuable window onto the family’s patriotic self-image and evolving political ambitions.","PeriodicalId":43617,"journal":{"name":"French History","volume":"56 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135774821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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