{"title":"INVESTMENT SOCIALIZATION AND TAX REFORM: THE MEXICAN CASE, 1950-2020","authors":"Vázquez Muñoz, J. Alberto","doi":"10.22201/FE.01851667P.2021.318.79252","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on Keynes’ arguments, this paper aims to show that, even assuming an equilibrated primary fiscal balance, it can be possible to use fiscal policy to stabilize the equilibrium output, increase the output growth rate and disposable income, and relax the external constraint on growth. Our theoretical arguments are empirically tested for the case of Mexico. As shown, after the debt crisis of the last century, Mexican policymakers maintained a primary balance equilibrium rule. However, a significant public expenditure reduction was implemented, primarily concentrated on public investment, which has negatively affected economic growth and the trade balance as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). We argue that it is necessary to increase public revenues, mainly through a tax reform, to implement an investment socialization program. SOCIALIZACION DE INVERSIONES Y REFORMA TRIBUTARIA: EL CASO MEXICANO, 1950-2020 RESUMEN Con base en los argumentos de Keynes, este articulo tiene como objetivo mostrar que, incluso asumiendo un balance primario equilibrado, es posible utilizar la politica fiscal para estabilizar el producto de equilibrio, aumentar la tasa de crecimiento, el ingreso disponible y relajar la restriccion externa al crecimiento. Nuestros argumentos teoricos se evaluan para el caso de Mexico. Como se muestra, despues de la crisis de deuda del siglo pasado, el gobierno mantuvo la regla del balance primario equilibrado. Sin embargo, tambien implemento una reduccion del gasto publico, en particular de la inversion publica, lo que ha afectado de forma negativa a la tasa de crecimiento y al saldo de la balanza comercial como porcentaje del producto interno bruto (PIB). Por lo tanto, es necesario incrementar los ingresos publicos, de forma principal, a traves de una reforma tributaria e implementar un programa de socializacion de la inversion.","PeriodicalId":44170,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion Economica","volume":"80 1","pages":"72-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Investigacion Economica","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.22201/FE.01851667P.2021.318.79252","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
ABSTRACT Based on Keynes’ arguments, this paper aims to show that, even assuming an equilibrated primary fiscal balance, it can be possible to use fiscal policy to stabilize the equilibrium output, increase the output growth rate and disposable income, and relax the external constraint on growth. Our theoretical arguments are empirically tested for the case of Mexico. As shown, after the debt crisis of the last century, Mexican policymakers maintained a primary balance equilibrium rule. However, a significant public expenditure reduction was implemented, primarily concentrated on public investment, which has negatively affected economic growth and the trade balance as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). We argue that it is necessary to increase public revenues, mainly through a tax reform, to implement an investment socialization program. SOCIALIZACION DE INVERSIONES Y REFORMA TRIBUTARIA: EL CASO MEXICANO, 1950-2020 RESUMEN Con base en los argumentos de Keynes, este articulo tiene como objetivo mostrar que, incluso asumiendo un balance primario equilibrado, es posible utilizar la politica fiscal para estabilizar el producto de equilibrio, aumentar la tasa de crecimiento, el ingreso disponible y relajar la restriccion externa al crecimiento. Nuestros argumentos teoricos se evaluan para el caso de Mexico. Como se muestra, despues de la crisis de deuda del siglo pasado, el gobierno mantuvo la regla del balance primario equilibrado. Sin embargo, tambien implemento una reduccion del gasto publico, en particular de la inversion publica, lo que ha afectado de forma negativa a la tasa de crecimiento y al saldo de la balanza comercial como porcentaje del producto interno bruto (PIB). Por lo tanto, es necesario incrementar los ingresos publicos, de forma principal, a traves de una reforma tributaria e implementar un programa de socializacion de la inversion.
期刊介绍:
It is a specialized journal, bilingual (Spanish and English), plural and critical, which accepts and publishes scientific research articles in national and international economy. It is considered a public good that belongs to the University and society. Its vocation is to analyze the evolution of the theoretical and practical economics. In its pages the paradigms of economics, history of economic thought, the theories and debates about economic policy and its consequences, the diagnosis of the Mexican economy, the economic development of Latin America and the problems spread the world economy in general. It is a journal that does not discriminate plural none paradigm; theoretical orientation is unorthodox for epistemological reasons, not ideological preferences.