Strategies of decreasing harmfulness of fusariosis agents in agrophytocenoses
V. Schwartau, O. Zozulia, L. Mykhalska, O. Sanin
{"title":"Strategies of decreasing harmfulness of fusariosis agents in agrophytocenoses","authors":"V. Schwartau, O. Zozulia, L. Mykhalska, O. Sanin","doi":"10.15407/AGRISP5.03.060","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"60 In recent years the problems of excessive eld infections due to fusariosis agents have risen to a dangerously high level. Every 2–4 years, up to 5–15 % of winter cereal elds perish due to root rot infections, primarily, fusarioses. Practically each year a considerable share of Ukrainian grain is ranked lower since the elds are infected with fusariosis and cereals are damaged by mycotoxins. Agrophytocenoses with Fusarium inoculum are contaminated at a global level. Rather low levels of controlling the disease using current agrotechnical and chemical protection means urge geneticists and breeders to create varieties and hybrids of cultivated plants, resistant to Fusarium species. However, the results of industrial experiments in all soil-climatic regions of Ukraine have demonstrated that novel genetic and biotechnological achievements and introduction of varieties/hybrids of cereals, resistant to fusariosis, cannot ensure a proper level of controlling the disease and a possibility of obtaining high quality grain. Thus, it is important to pay attention to all the constituents of the technologies of cultivating plants while elaborating the means of effective control over fusarioses in cereals, which has also been noted by prominent phytopathologists in their works – from classic (Bilay) to modern ones (Gagkaeva, Retman, McMullen) [1–12]. Some means of controlling fusarioses are not ef cient enough and thus cannot ensure a proper level of controlling the disease. Therefore, it is possible to achieve high and quality yields of cereals via complex application of different strategies of disease control: breeding resistant species/hybrids, agrotechnical means, rst and foremost, returning the plant production of the country to biologically substantiated crop rotations and applying highly ef cient fungicides, ensuring a better way of maintaining crop productiv© V. V. SCHWARTAU, O. L. ZOZULIA, L. M. MYKHALSKA, O. Yu. SANIN, 2018 ISSN: 2312-3370, Agricultural Science and Practice, 2018, Vol. 5, No. 3","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Agricultural Science and Practice","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15407/AGRISP5.03.060","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
60 In recent years the problems of excessive eld infections due to fusariosis agents have risen to a dangerously high level. Every 2–4 years, up to 5–15 % of winter cereal elds perish due to root rot infections, primarily, fusarioses. Practically each year a considerable share of Ukrainian grain is ranked lower since the elds are infected with fusariosis and cereals are damaged by mycotoxins. Agrophytocenoses with Fusarium inoculum are contaminated at a global level. Rather low levels of controlling the disease using current agrotechnical and chemical protection means urge geneticists and breeders to create varieties and hybrids of cultivated plants, resistant to Fusarium species. However, the results of industrial experiments in all soil-climatic regions of Ukraine have demonstrated that novel genetic and biotechnological achievements and introduction of varieties/hybrids of cereals, resistant to fusariosis, cannot ensure a proper level of controlling the disease and a possibility of obtaining high quality grain. Thus, it is important to pay attention to all the constituents of the technologies of cultivating plants while elaborating the means of effective control over fusarioses in cereals, which has also been noted by prominent phytopathologists in their works – from classic (Bilay) to modern ones (Gagkaeva, Retman, McMullen) [1–12]. Some means of controlling fusarioses are not ef cient enough and thus cannot ensure a proper level of controlling the disease. Therefore, it is possible to achieve high and quality yields of cereals via complex application of different strategies of disease control: breeding resistant species/hybrids, agrotechnical means, rst and foremost, returning the plant production of the country to biologically substantiated crop rotations and applying highly ef cient fungicides, ensuring a better way of maintaining crop productiv© V. V. SCHWARTAU, O. L. ZOZULIA, L. M. MYKHALSKA, O. Yu. SANIN, 2018 ISSN: 2312-3370, Agricultural Science and Practice, 2018, Vol. 5, No. 3
降低农植线虫中镰刀病病原危害的对策
60 .近年来,由于镰状虫病引起的过度感染问题已上升到危险的高度。每隔2-4年,多达5 - 15%的冬季谷物田因根腐病(主要是镰孢病)而死亡。几乎每年都有相当大比例的乌克兰谷物排名较低,因为农田感染了镰刀病,谷物受到真菌毒素的破坏。接种镰刀菌的农业植物在全球范围内受到污染。利用目前的农业技术和化学保护来控制这种疾病的水平相当低,这促使遗传学家和育种家创造出对镰刀菌有抗性的栽培植物的品种和杂交品种。然而,在乌克兰所有土壤气候地区进行的工业试验结果表明,新的遗传和生物技术成就以及抗镰孢病的谷物品种/杂交品种的引进,不能确保适当程度地控制该疾病,也不能确保获得高质量谷物的可能性。因此,在阐述有效控制谷物镰刀病的方法时,关注栽培植物技术的所有组成部分是很重要的,这也被著名的植物病理学家在他们的作品中注意到-从经典的(Bilay)到现代的(Gagkaeva, Retman, McMullen)[1-12]。一些控制镰状线虫病的手段不够有效,因此不能确保控制疾病的适当水平。因此,通过不同的疾病控制策略的复杂应用,有可能实现谷物的高质量产量:培育抗性品种/杂交品种,农业技术手段,最重要的是,使该国的植物生产恢复到有生物基础的作物轮作,并使用高效杀菌剂,确保更好地保持作物产量©V. V. SCHWARTAU, O. L. ZOZULIA, L. M. MYKHALSKA, O. Yu。农业科学与实践,2018,Vol. 5, No. 3
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。