A. Los Arcos, Asier Gonzalez-Artetxe, Uxue Bayer-Perez, H. Folgado
{"title":"Consequences of field obstacles on tactical, conditional, and emotional dimensions in young female soccer players during small-sided games","authors":"A. Los Arcos, Asier Gonzalez-Artetxe, Uxue Bayer-Perez, H. Folgado","doi":"10.1177/17543371231191845","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to compare tactical, conditional, and emotional responses of young female soccer players with two small-sided games (SSG) conditions – with and without field obstacles. Twelve Spanish under-12 female soccer players (age: 12.5 ± 0.7 years) played two different 6-a-side SSGs (i.e. 5 vs 5 plus goalkeepers): one with field obstacles (SSGobstacles) and the other without these (SSGfree). Positional data were gathered using a GPS to measure tactical (distance between players, stretch-index [SI], spatial exploration index [SEI] and their normalized approximate entropy measures [ApEn norm], and longitudinal and lateral synchronizations) and conditional performances (total and walking, jogging, running, and high-speed running distances). Participants assessed the intensity of their emotional experience using the BECS scale of perceived enjoyment and competence. SSGobstacles reduced the SEI values ( p = 0.038, Cohen’s d = −0.40 [−0.77; −0.02]), impaired lateral synchronization ( p < 0.001, d = −0.62 [−0.89; −0.34]), and increased regularity (distance between playersApEn norm: p = 0.016, d = −0.32 [−0.58; −0.06]; SIApEn norm: p = 0.029, d = −0.42 [−0.79; −0.04]) of the tactical behavior in comparison to SSGfree. Players traveled more distance overall ( p = 0.009, d = 0.51 [0.13; 0.89]) and while running ( p = 0.028, d = 0.42 [0.04; 0.79]) during SSGobstacles in comparison to SSGfree. No significant differences between the two SSG conditions were apparent in players’ perceived enjoyment ( p = 0.060) and competence levels ( p = 0.530). Placing obstacles on the field during SSGs, compared with those free of obstructions, could decrease young female soccer players’ spatial exploration, stabilize their tactical behavior, and raise their physical effort.","PeriodicalId":20674,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17543371231191845","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study aims to compare tactical, conditional, and emotional responses of young female soccer players with two small-sided games (SSG) conditions – with and without field obstacles. Twelve Spanish under-12 female soccer players (age: 12.5 ± 0.7 years) played two different 6-a-side SSGs (i.e. 5 vs 5 plus goalkeepers): one with field obstacles (SSGobstacles) and the other without these (SSGfree). Positional data were gathered using a GPS to measure tactical (distance between players, stretch-index [SI], spatial exploration index [SEI] and their normalized approximate entropy measures [ApEn norm], and longitudinal and lateral synchronizations) and conditional performances (total and walking, jogging, running, and high-speed running distances). Participants assessed the intensity of their emotional experience using the BECS scale of perceived enjoyment and competence. SSGobstacles reduced the SEI values ( p = 0.038, Cohen’s d = −0.40 [−0.77; −0.02]), impaired lateral synchronization ( p < 0.001, d = −0.62 [−0.89; −0.34]), and increased regularity (distance between playersApEn norm: p = 0.016, d = −0.32 [−0.58; −0.06]; SIApEn norm: p = 0.029, d = −0.42 [−0.79; −0.04]) of the tactical behavior in comparison to SSGfree. Players traveled more distance overall ( p = 0.009, d = 0.51 [0.13; 0.89]) and while running ( p = 0.028, d = 0.42 [0.04; 0.79]) during SSGobstacles in comparison to SSGfree. No significant differences between the two SSG conditions were apparent in players’ perceived enjoyment ( p = 0.060) and competence levels ( p = 0.530). Placing obstacles on the field during SSGs, compared with those free of obstructions, could decrease young female soccer players’ spatial exploration, stabilize their tactical behavior, and raise their physical effort.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology covers the development of novel sports apparel, footwear, and equipment; and the materials, instrumentation, and processes that make advances in sports possible.