Trends in Emission and Utilization of CO2: Sustainable Feedstock in the Synthesis of Value-Added Fine Chemicals

Abstract

At this moment the major challenge for the human beings is to address uninterrupted raise in CO₂ emissions and their consequences. The demands of globalization don’t permit to minimize the CO₂ emissions. The possible options to address issues related CO₂ emissions are (a) Use of renewable energy sources (b) CO₂ capture and storage (CCS) (c) CO₂ capture and utilization (CCU). However, the utilization of CO₂ in the production of chemicals is eco-economically advantageous. The utilization of CO₂ involves the conversion of CO₂ or use of CO₂ as co-feed in the reaction streams. The research community is progressive to develop CO₂ conversion technologies at various levels. The present review focuses on the recent trends in emission and utilization of CO₂ as feed stock for catalytic production of organic carbonates which possess ample industrial applications and use of CO₂ as soft oxidant in catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation reactions of hydrocarbons. Various catalytic systems for both the conversions are discussed.

Graphical Abstract

The approach towards CO₂ emissions is changing from CO₂ Capture and Storage (CCS) to CO₂ Capture and Utilization (CCU). The present review focused on the utilization of CO₂ as feed stock in dehydrogenation reactions and synthesis of organic carbonates using variety of catalysts.