Opportunities and limitations of exotic Pinus radiata as a facilitative nurse for New Zealand indigenous forest restoration

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science Pub Date : 2019-07-05 DOI:10.33494/NZJFS492019X45X
Adam Forbes, D. Norton, F. Carswell
{"title":"Opportunities and limitations of exotic Pinus radiata as a facilitative nurse for New Zealand indigenous forest restoration","authors":"Adam Forbes, D. Norton, F. Carswell","doi":"10.33494/NZJFS492019X45X","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: We investigated the long-term potential of non-harvest Pinus radiata plantations for the facilitation and restoration of a natural forest community dominated by indigenous woody species. We investigated the relationship between indigenous regeneration and light levels and the hypothesis that proximity to indigenous seed sources is critical. We studied nine Pinus radiata stands of different ages located within Kinleith Forest, which is a large (ca. 66 000 ha) commercial exotic plantation forest located in New Zealand’s central North Island. \nMethods: We constructed a chronosequence of P. radiata plantation stands aged 2–89 years to represent long-term natural forest regeneration following plantation establishment. We surveyed structural, compositional and contextual aspects of this secondary succession and compared these results with an old-growth indigenous forest reference site located within the study area. \nResults: The exotic P. radiata canopy facilitated a regeneration trajectory characterised by shade-tolerant indigenous forest species. We found that the structure and composition of P. radiata understories were strongly influenced by stand age and proximity to indigenous forest. Stand age was important from the perspective of creating shaded conditions for the establishment of shade-tolerant woody forest species. Our results suggest that proximal indigenous forest was required for the consistent natural establishment of larger-fruited, bird-dispersed mature forest canopy species in P. radiata plantations. \nConclusions: Our results showed that, even at ecologically isolated sites, the microclimate conditions created by plantation Pinus radiata stands supported a suite of readily-dispersed indigenous forest plants. Based on these results we suggest that non-harvest P. radiata stands provide an important opportunity for the restoration of indigenous forest communities in New Zealand’s production landscapes. Where restoration of forest composition similar to old-growth is the restoration objective, however, interventions might be necessary to direct and accelerate the secondary forest succession. Further replicated study is required into the relationship between native forest proximity and understorey regeneration patterns.","PeriodicalId":19172,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"11","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.33494/NZJFS492019X45X","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FORESTRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11

Abstract

Background: We investigated the long-term potential of non-harvest Pinus radiata plantations for the facilitation and restoration of a natural forest community dominated by indigenous woody species. We investigated the relationship between indigenous regeneration and light levels and the hypothesis that proximity to indigenous seed sources is critical. We studied nine Pinus radiata stands of different ages located within Kinleith Forest, which is a large (ca. 66 000 ha) commercial exotic plantation forest located in New Zealand’s central North Island. Methods: We constructed a chronosequence of P. radiata plantation stands aged 2–89 years to represent long-term natural forest regeneration following plantation establishment. We surveyed structural, compositional and contextual aspects of this secondary succession and compared these results with an old-growth indigenous forest reference site located within the study area. Results: The exotic P. radiata canopy facilitated a regeneration trajectory characterised by shade-tolerant indigenous forest species. We found that the structure and composition of P. radiata understories were strongly influenced by stand age and proximity to indigenous forest. Stand age was important from the perspective of creating shaded conditions for the establishment of shade-tolerant woody forest species. Our results suggest that proximal indigenous forest was required for the consistent natural establishment of larger-fruited, bird-dispersed mature forest canopy species in P. radiata plantations. Conclusions: Our results showed that, even at ecologically isolated sites, the microclimate conditions created by plantation Pinus radiata stands supported a suite of readily-dispersed indigenous forest plants. Based on these results we suggest that non-harvest P. radiata stands provide an important opportunity for the restoration of indigenous forest communities in New Zealand’s production landscapes. Where restoration of forest composition similar to old-growth is the restoration objective, however, interventions might be necessary to direct and accelerate the secondary forest succession. Further replicated study is required into the relationship between native forest proximity and understorey regeneration patterns.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
外来辐射松作为新西兰本土森林恢复的促进护士的机会和局限性
背景:我们调查了未收获辐射松人工林在促进和恢复以本土木本物种为主的天然林群落方面的长期潜力。我们研究了本土再生与光照水平之间的关系,以及接近本土种子来源至关重要的假设。我们研究了位于金利斯森林内的九个不同年龄的辐射松林分,金利斯森林是一个位于新西兰北岛中部的大型(约66000公顷)商业外来人工林。方法:我们构建了一个2–89岁辐射P.radiata人工林林分的时间序列,以代表人工林建立后的长期天然林更新。我们调查了这一次生演替的结构、组成和背景方面,并将这些结果与研究区域内的古老土著森林参考点进行了比较。结果:外来辐射P.radiata冠层促进了以耐荫本土森林物种为特征的再生轨迹。我们发现,辐射P.radiata林下植被的结构和组成受林分年龄和与当地森林的接近程度的强烈影响。从创造遮荫条件的角度来看,林分年龄对于建立耐荫木本森林物种是重要的。我们的研究结果表明,在辐射P.radiata种植园中,需要近端的原生森林才能持续自然地建立更大的果实丰富、鸟类分散的成熟森林冠层物种。结论:我们的研究结果表明,即使在生态孤立的地方,人工种植辐射松所创造的小气候条件也支持了一套容易分散的本土森林植物。基于这些结果,我们认为,未收获的辐射P.radiata林分为恢复新西兰生产景观中的土著森林群落提供了重要机会。然而,如果恢复目标是恢复与旧生长相似的森林组成,则可能需要采取干预措施来指导和加速次生林的演替。需要对原生森林邻近度和林下再生模式之间的关系进行进一步的重复研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
13.30%
发文量
20
审稿时长
39 weeks
期刊介绍: The New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science is an international journal covering the breadth of forestry science. Planted forests are a particular focus but manuscripts on a wide range of forestry topics will also be considered. The journal''s scope covers forestry species, which are those capable of reaching at least five metres in height at maturity in the place they are located, but not grown or managed primarily for fruit or nut production.
期刊最新文献
Climate influence seed production in managed and unmanaged Nothofagus pumilio forests of Southern Patagonia Assessing the impacts of experimental mid-rotation forest fertiliser treatments on water quality Mid-term results and prospects for irregular shelterwood systems in hardwood-dominated temperate rainforests in Chile Use of nitrogen-fixing plants to improve planted forest soil fertility and productivity in New Zealand: A review Diversity and growth patterns of woody species in the Mediterranean Coastal range of Chile: A case study in Altos de Cantillana
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1