OVERVIEW AND SYSTEMATIZATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF PIG PRODUCTS

Abstract

The purpose of the research is – assess the condition and systematize the factors that affect the quality of pig products. Research methods. Systematization of factors influencing the quality of pig products is carried out by summarizing many years of research in the field on topical issues - the quality and technological properties of pig products, including taking into account modern requirements. Research results. When keeping pigs, it is necessary to create favorable conditions close to natural for the protection and preservation of animals. In the process of production of quality pig products, the leading role belongs to zoohygiene, which combines the following components: pig health, conditions of keeping and care of pigs, sanitary condition in the pigsty. During the production of products on pig farms, every effort should be made to maintain the proper health of pigs, which is identified by the physiological state of the animals. The physiological state of animals is influenced by a number of factors: pathogens of infectious diseases, genetic factors, the environment. The quality of pig production also depends on the conditions of keeping and care of pigs for such factors as technological areas, manure, litter, playgrounds, environment. It is necessary to adhere to the normative technological areas when keeping pigs. The level of protein in animal feed is important for improving the quality of pork. All animals in the technology group must have access to feed at the same time. Water quality has a significant impact on the technological properties of pig products. Modern requirements for microclimate indicators in piggeries are as follows: air temperature 15-20 °C, for newborn piglets - up to 30 °C, relative humidity 50-80 %, air velocity 0,15-0,5 m/s, maximum level harmful gases in the air: NH 320 ppm; CO - 1500-3000 ppm; H S - 5 ppm, pollination level 10 mg/m3. It is necessary to reduce to a 2 2minimum the amount of used medical, preventive and sanitary means, their excessive use on farms can lead to a significant deterioration in the quality of pig products. Conclusions. During the research we for the first time systematized the factors that affect the quality of pig products, including taking into account modern requirements. During the systematization of factors characterized by direct impact on the quality of pig products, the main elements of the developed system were identified, namely: zoohygiene, feed, water, air, zooveterinary measures, the combination of which gives the system special properties. In general, the developed system consists of 36 factors that affect the quality of pig products. Key words: water, environment, veterinary measures, zoohygiene, feed, air, pig breeding, pork, pig farm.