Cost Analysis of Using Cover Crops in Citrus Production

IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.21273/horttech05126-22
Shourish Chakravarty, T. Wade
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Abstract

Florida has a long association with citrus (Citrus sp.) production. However, the citrus industry in Florida has been devastated by Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease (Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus). HLB affects the citrus tree phloem and eventually causes tree death. Cover crops, or noncash crops, have traditionally been used in row crop production to improve soil organic matter, for nitrogen fixing, and for weed control. Citrus growers may benefit from adopting cover crops because healthier soils could improve yields and fruit quality of citrus trees. However, growers are uncertain about the costs and benefits associated with cover crop investments. The objective of our study was to analyze whether cover crops represent an economically feasible option for Florida citrus growers. We calculated the break-even prices for ‘Valencia’ and non-‘Valencia’ oranges (Citrus sinensis) in terms of price per box (equivalent to 90 lb of oranges in Florida) and price per pound solids per box (amount of soluble solids per box of oranges) by considering additional costs and short-term savings from using cover crops across various yield and quality scenarios based on the past 10 years of data. Considering the short-term savings from adopting cover crops, the per-acre cost of production increased by $107.3/acre or by 5.73% and constituted 5.42% of the total production cost during the first year of adoption. After the 2018–19 peak, the yield and quality for both ‘Valencia’ and non-‘Valencia’ oranges have decreased steadily. Adopting cover crops in the current yield–quality scenario will not be profitable for either ‘Valencia’ or non-‘Valencia’ oranges. However, for ‘Valencia’ oranges, at the median yield and quality levels of 193.5 boxes/acre and 6.08 lb solids/box, respectively, cover crop adoption would be profitable because the break-even price of $2.25/lb solids would be comparable to the market prices of the past 5 years.
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覆盖作物在柑橘生产中的成本分析
佛罗里达州与柑橘(citrus sp.)生产有着长期的联系。然而,佛罗里达州的柑橘产业已经受到黄龙病(HLB)或柑橘绿化病(Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus)的破坏。HLB影响柑橘树韧皮部,最终导致树木死亡。覆盖作物,或非灰作物,传统上用于行作物生产,以改善土壤有机质,用于固氮和杂草控制。柑橘种植者可能会从采用覆盖作物中受益,因为更健康的土壤可以提高柑橘树的产量和果实质量。然而,种植者不确定与覆盖作物投资相关的成本和收益。我们研究的目的是分析覆盖作物对佛罗里达州柑橘种植者来说是否是一种经济可行的选择。我们根据过去10年的不同产量和质量情景,考虑到使用覆盖作物带来的额外成本和短期节约,计算了“瓦伦西亚”和非“瓦伦西亚”橙子(柑橘)的盈亏平衡价格,即每箱价格(相当于佛罗里达州的90磅橙子)和每磅固体价格(每箱橙子的可溶性固体含量)多年的数据。考虑到采用覆盖作物的短期节约,在采用第一年,每英亩的生产成本增加了107.3美元/英亩,即5.73%,占总生产成本的5.42%。在2018-19年的峰值之后,“瓦伦西亚”和非“瓦伦西亚”橙子的产量和质量都稳步下降。在目前的产量-质量情景下采用覆盖作物对“瓦伦西亚”或非“瓦伦西亚”橙子都没有利润。然而,对于“巴伦西亚”橙子来说,在193.5箱/英亩和6.08磅固体/箱的中位产量和质量水平下,采用覆盖作物是有利可图的,因为2.25美元/磅固体的盈亏平衡价格与过去5年的市场价格相当。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Horttechnology
Horttechnology 农林科学-园艺
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
10.00%
发文量
67
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: HortTechnology serves as the primary outreach publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Its mission is to provide science-based information to professional horticulturists, practitioners, and educators; promote and encourage an interchange of ideas among scientists, educators, and professionals working in horticulture; and provide an opportunity for peer review of practical horticultural information.
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