The lower storeys of main tree species in deciduous pioneer tree stands of fertile sites: case of Lithuania

IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Baltic Forestry Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI:10.46490/bf592
Marius Šilingas, G. Šilingienė
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Abstract

Forest ecosystems face challenges of climate change and the pressure of economic activity on biodiversity. As European policies turn into Green Deal, ecological forestry systems, which aim to increase or at least not reduce biodiversity while maintaining high forest productivity, are becoming particularly relevant. This study examines distribution regularities of the lower storeys of main tree species in fertile not wet habitats of forest communities composed of pioneer deciduous tree species, the understanding of which will allow the development of forestry systems that exploit the natural forest regeneration potential. We used stand-wise forest inventory data on Betula spp., Populus tremula, Alnus incana mature and overmatured stands. We analysed how lower storeys are distributed in the stands of different tree species according to soil conditions, the age, stocking level and mixture. We found that most of stands are not in the second story and understory, from which new stands can be formed. Betula forests have the greatest potential for regeneration, and Alnus incana forests have the lowest one. The most important species of the second story and understory is Picea abies, rarer Fraxinus excelsior and Tilia cordata, other species are more random. With an increasing forest mixture, the second story and understory are found more often. To reduce clear-cutting in the fertile forests of pioneer tree species in forestry, we need to focus on measures to allow the development of lower storeys of the major climax tree species. Keywords: ecological forestry, forest succession, fertile site type, pioneer tree stands, temperate hemiboreal forests.
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肥沃地点落叶先驱林主要树种的下层:以立陶宛为例
森林生态系统面临着气候变化的挑战和经济活动对生物多样性的压力。随着欧洲政策转向“绿色协议”,旨在增加或至少不减少生物多样性,同时保持高森林生产力的生态林业系统正变得尤为重要。本研究考察了由先锋落叶树种组成的森林群落在肥沃的非湿润生境中主要树种的下层分布规律,了解这些规律将有助于开发利用森林自然更新潜力的林业系统。对桦树、白杨、白杨的成熟和过成熟林分进行了林分清查。根据土壤条件、树龄、放养水平和混合情况,分析了不同树种林分低层的分布情况。我们发现大部分的林分都不在第二层和林下,这些林分可以形成新的林分。桦树林的更新潜力最大,白杨林的更新潜力最低。第二层和下层林分中以云杉(Picea abies)、黄曲霉(Fraxinus excelsior)和天麻(Tilia cordata)最为重要,其他树种较为随机。随着森林混交林的增加,第二层和下层植被出现的频率更高。为了减少对林业先锋树种丰饶林的滥伐,我们需要重点采取措施,允许发展主要顶极树种的低层。关键词:生态林业,森林演替,肥沃立地类型,先锋林分,温带半针叶林
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来源期刊
Baltic Forestry
Baltic Forestry 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal welcomes the original articles as well as short reports, review papers on forestry and forest science throughout the Baltic Sea region and elsewhere in the area of boreal and temperate forests. The Baltic Sea region is rather unique through its intrinsic environment and distinguished geographical and social conditions. A temperate climate, transitional and continental, has influenced formation of the mixed coniferous and deciduous stands of high productivity and biological diversity. The forest science has been affected by the ideas from both the East and West. In 1995, Forest Research Institutes and Universities from Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania joined their efforts to publish BALTIC FORESTRY.
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