El papel del tutor en la enseñanza de la educación a distancia: una revisión sistemática sobre el enfoque de competencias

Abstract

Considering the particularities and the importance of the tutor's role in the Distance Education (EAD) modality, this study this study aimed to identify the competencies intrinsic to the tutoring functions in EAD. For this, a systematic review was carried out using the Methodi Ordinatio methodology, in the databases of Portal de Periodicos Capes; Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), ScienceDirect and Scopus, covering studies focused on the theme in the last 10 years. In total, 12 studies met the established criteria and were evaluated. The results show technical, managerial and social competencies associated with the role of the tutor. Among them, we highlight the competencies of: providing individualized attention to students, using the systems and knowledge associated with information technology, providing a welcoming, friendly, trusting and stimulating online environment, demonstrating empathy, stimulating interaction, motivating students and providing feedback, which are largely directed to the social perspective. Difficulties are still evident in relation to technical and social competencies, which leads to the need for a direction aimed at their development and improvement, so that they can assist in the effective and efficient practical performance of the tutor.