Radiological Findings From 101 Patients With Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hamadan, West of Iran: Typical and Atypical Features

Abstract

Background and aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread widely throughout the world and become a pandemic disease. In this study, we decided to investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) findings in COVID-19 patients in Hamadan, west of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 101 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection from February to March 2020. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and chest CT findings of identified COVID-19 patients were assessed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 55.21 ± 14.08 years, and 54 (53.47%) of them were male. With regard to clinical manifestations, 82.18%, 72.28% and 54.46% of COVID-19 patients had dry cough, dyspnea, and fever, respectively. The right lower lobe was the most commonly and severely involved lope (69%), followed by left lower lobe, right middle lobe, and lingual segment; however, the anterior segment of upper lobes showed the least involvement with abnormality in the late course of the disease. The most common pattern was ground glass opacity (GGO), but atypical patterns such as round pneumonia, moderate to severe pleural effusion, and segmental lobar consolidation were seen without evidence of mediastinal adenopathy, cavitation, or nodular lesion. Chest X-ray (CXR) was not a sensitive method as the first-line imaging method because 34.65% of them were normal. Conclusion: CXR is not a sensitive method as the first-line imaging method (34.65% normal first CXR), but chest CT is a very sensitive and nonspecific modality for diagnosis of COVID-19. The lower lobe and posterior basal segments of the lungs are the most involved sites in most cases. About 12% showed atypical chest CT findings.