The Battle for Chastity: Miraculous Castration and the Quelling of Desire in the Middle Ages

IF 0.4 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Journal of the History of Sexuality Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI:10.7560/JHS28104
J. Murray
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

I n 1985 F r e n c h p h I l o s o p h e r Michel Foucault published an essay entitled “The Battle for Chastity” in which he examined the struggle of holy men, hermits, and the desert fathers to control their sexual desires and their bodies. The essay was based primarily on a close reading of the work of the monk and theologian John Cassian (ca. 360–ca. 435), specifically, the Institutes and the Conferences. Cassian spent considerable time traveling through the Egyptian deserts, particularly in Nitria and Scetis, west of the Nile and south of Alexandria, where there were an estimated five thousand monks and ascetics fleeing civilization for the harsh life of the desert. The experience of these monks formed the origin of the “myth of the desert,” a belief that isolation brought freedom from the world and its temptations. Cassian recorded their amazing feats of asceticism and absorbed and embraced their ascetic values and discipline, which were the foundation of his subsequent reflections on monasticism and chastity.
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贞操之战:中世纪奇迹般的阉割与欲望的压制
1985年,米歇尔·福柯发表了一篇名为《贞操之战》的文章,其中考察了圣人、隐士和沙漠之父为控制自己的性欲和身体而进行的斗争。这篇文章主要是基于对僧侣和神学家约翰·卡西安(约360年至公元360年)的作品的仔细阅读。435),特别是各研究所和会议。卡西安花了相当多的时间穿越埃及的沙漠,特别是尼罗河以西和亚历山大以南的尼特里亚和塞提斯,那里估计有5000名僧侣和苦行僧逃离文明,来到沙漠的严酷生活。这些僧侣的经历形成了“沙漠神话”的起源,人们相信,与世隔绝能让人从尘世和尘世的诱惑中获得自由。凯先记录下了他们的苦行壮举,吸收并接受了他们的苦行价值观和纪律,这是他后来对修道和贞操思考的基础。
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