Addressing the Visible and Invisible Gaps and Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Intellectual Disability

Abstract

Intellectual disability (ID) can be caused by various environmental and genetic factors and can lead to significant disability. There are numerous challenges in the field in terms of diagnosis and management. In this article, we have reviewed the literature in this field. A dependable estimate of the prevalence in India still remains to be made. Preventive measures and screening play an important role. The country could greatly benefit from a national newborn screening program, presence of more trained professionals, and public awareness measures. Drug treatments spanning beyond the usual drug classes have not yet found a breakthrough. Persons with ID face many challenges in the field of education, disability certification, access to government schemes, job placements, and living arrangements. We must take cognizance of these challenges at the earliest and work toward rectifying them.