Pub Date : 2024-01-08DOI: 10.1177/09731342231220479
R. Seth, J. Greenbaum
Child sexual violence is a major public health problem in India and is associated with myriad short- and long-term behavioral health effects. Affected children are at an increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, anxiety disorders, behavioral problems, and substance misuse. Behavioral health professionals are highly likely to encounter patients at risk of or with a recent/remote history of child sexual abuse, sexual exploitation, or sex trafficking. Caregivers of patients may report a history of child sexual violence. Clinicians must possess the knowledge and skills to recognize and appropriately respond to suspected child sexual violence using a culturally responsive, trauma-informed, and rights-based approach. Many behavioral health professionals lack the knowledge of child sexual violence and the confidence of working with affected patients. Child sexual violence is not routinely addressed in medical school curricula, nor is it systematically addressed in postgraduate training programs. Practicing clinicians may feel ill-equipped to recognize and manage patients exposed to child sexual violence and may miss opportunities to offer critical support and assistance to vulnerable children and their families. The behavioral health sector needs an organized, systematic, and trauma-informed response to child sexual violence, and this requires specific training of professionals and development of organizational response protocols tailored to fit the needs of the organization and its patient population. Multiple resources are available in India to assist behavioral health professionals, and organization administrators accomplish these goals.
{"title":"The Behavioral Health Sector Response to Child Sexual Abuse, Exploitation, and Trafficking: A Call to Action","authors":"R. Seth, J. Greenbaum","doi":"10.1177/09731342231220479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231220479","url":null,"abstract":"Child sexual violence is a major public health problem in India and is associated with myriad short- and long-term behavioral health effects. Affected children are at an increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, anxiety disorders, behavioral problems, and substance misuse. Behavioral health professionals are highly likely to encounter patients at risk of or with a recent/remote history of child sexual abuse, sexual exploitation, or sex trafficking. Caregivers of patients may report a history of child sexual violence. Clinicians must possess the knowledge and skills to recognize and appropriately respond to suspected child sexual violence using a culturally responsive, trauma-informed, and rights-based approach. Many behavioral health professionals lack the knowledge of child sexual violence and the confidence of working with affected patients. Child sexual violence is not routinely addressed in medical school curricula, nor is it systematically addressed in postgraduate training programs. Practicing clinicians may feel ill-equipped to recognize and manage patients exposed to child sexual violence and may miss opportunities to offer critical support and assistance to vulnerable children and their families. The behavioral health sector needs an organized, systematic, and trauma-informed response to child sexual violence, and this requires specific training of professionals and development of organizational response protocols tailored to fit the needs of the organization and its patient population. Multiple resources are available in India to assist behavioral health professionals, and organization administrators accomplish these goals.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"53 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD and C-PTSD) can present at any age. Compared to younger children and adults, adolescents who are undergoing critical developmental changes in self-concept and socio-emotional abilities have heightened vulnerabilities to the impact of traumatic life events. C-PTSD may be often missed in adolescence, for depressive, anxiety, and even personality disorders and this deprives the adolescent of specific trauma and attachment focused psychotherapeutic interventions that are primary and essential for management. In this article, we present three case summaries to illustrate the phenomenology of C-PTSD in adolescence. The implication is for clinicians to be aware of, and hone their skills in the identification of this disorder in young people.
{"title":"The Phenomenology of Complex PTSD in Adolescence","authors":"Sakhardande Kasturi Atmaram, Shalu Elizabeth, Tony Lazar Thomas, Harshini Manohar, Eesha Sharma","doi":"10.1177/09731342231221352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231221352","url":null,"abstract":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD and C-PTSD) can present at any age. Compared to younger children and adults, adolescents who are undergoing critical developmental changes in self-concept and socio-emotional abilities have heightened vulnerabilities to the impact of traumatic life events. C-PTSD may be often missed in adolescence, for depressive, anxiety, and even personality disorders and this deprives the adolescent of specific trauma and attachment focused psychotherapeutic interventions that are primary and essential for management. In this article, we present three case summaries to illustrate the phenomenology of C-PTSD in adolescence. The implication is for clinicians to be aware of, and hone their skills in the identification of this disorder in young people.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"38 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-08DOI: 10.1177/09731342231220705
Manoj Kumar Sahoo, Snigdha Awasthi, Harshita Biswas, S. Padhy
This narrative review aims to identify key concepts associated with school refusal, including various risk factors, and to discuss current practical assessment and treatment methods available or under trial. For this study, we searched MEDLINE and Scopus databases for articles containing keywords like “school refusal” and associated keywords such as “childhood,” “adolescence,” “risk factors,” “interventions,” and “assessment.” Thirty-eight original articles in English containing these keywords, published in the last 10 years on the above platforms, were included. We excluded studies focusing on school refusal solely in a subset of the population, such as autistic children or immigrant children. This review found that in India, school refusal is often ignored, especially in lower socioeconomic families, due to non-affordability and poor access to appropriate resources, and is sometimes also equated with truancy and bad behavior. Various risk factors at the parental and school level promote this behavior, and therefore, appropriate interventions at these levels are necessary. As per current evidence, psychoeducation and multidisciplinary treatments are the most effective in managing such children. Early detection of such cases and coordinated efforts by all stakeholders are crucial for effective intervention.
{"title":"School Refusal Behavior: A Narrative Review Journal of Indian Association for Child and","authors":"Manoj Kumar Sahoo, Snigdha Awasthi, Harshita Biswas, S. Padhy","doi":"10.1177/09731342231220705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231220705","url":null,"abstract":"This narrative review aims to identify key concepts associated with school refusal, including various risk factors, and to discuss current practical assessment and treatment methods available or under trial. For this study, we searched MEDLINE and Scopus databases for articles containing keywords like “school refusal” and associated keywords such as “childhood,” “adolescence,” “risk factors,” “interventions,” and “assessment.” Thirty-eight original articles in English containing these keywords, published in the last 10 years on the above platforms, were included. We excluded studies focusing on school refusal solely in a subset of the population, such as autistic children or immigrant children. This review found that in India, school refusal is often ignored, especially in lower socioeconomic families, due to non-affordability and poor access to appropriate resources, and is sometimes also equated with truancy and bad behavior. Various risk factors at the parental and school level promote this behavior, and therefore, appropriate interventions at these levels are necessary. As per current evidence, psychoeducation and multidisciplinary treatments are the most effective in managing such children. Early detection of such cases and coordinated efforts by all stakeholders are crucial for effective intervention.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"31 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-24DOI: 10.1177/09731342231217075
Aneesh Kumar, Sibnath Deb, Bhagyalakshmi KC
Child abuse and neglect is an issue of concern for public health professionals. The impact of abuse may lead to poor physical and mental health conditions. Family environment may impact coping and recovery among victims of abuse. The association between child abuse, mental health, happiness, and family environment is complex. The study examines the association and pathways between child abuse exposure, mental health and happiness, while exploring the potentially mediating effect of the family environment. Data were collected from 571 high school students from Kerala, India, by using various tools, including a semi-structured questionnaire, Depression and Anxiety Youth Scale, and happiness scale. A mediation analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) was carried out to test the objectives of the study. The analysis shows that mental health, happiness, and family environment are correlated with abuse experience. The mediation analysis further shows that the indirect effect of abuse on mental health via the family environment was significant (β = 0.013, 95% CI [0.002, 0.033]). The indirect effect of abuse on happiness via the family environment was significant (β = –0.019, 95% CI [–0.044, –0.003]). Furthermore, the total effect of abuse on mental health (β = 0.266, 95% CI [0.164, 0.354]) and abuse on happiness (β = –0.152, 95% CI [–0.259, –0.050]) was significant. The study reveals that abuse experiences impact happiness and mental health outcomes among students. The family environment mediates the relationship between child abuse and mental health, and between child abuse and happiness.
虐待和忽视儿童是公共卫生专业人员关注的一个问题。虐待的影响可能导致不良的身心健康状况。家庭环境可能会影响虐待受害者的应对和康复。虐待儿童、心理健康、幸福感和家庭环境之间的关系错综复杂。本研究探讨了儿童遭受虐待、心理健康和幸福之间的关联和途径，同时探索了家庭环境的潜在中介效应。研究使用各种工具，包括半结构式问卷、抑郁和焦虑青年量表以及幸福量表，收集了印度喀拉拉邦 571 名高中生的数据。为了检验研究的目的，使用结构方程模型（SEM）进行了中介分析。分析表明，心理健康、幸福感和家庭环境与虐待经历相关。中介分析进一步表明，虐待通过家庭环境对心理健康的间接影响是显著的（β = 0.013，95% CI [0.002，0.033]）。虐待通过家庭环境对幸福感的间接影响是显著的（β = -0.019，95% CI [-0.044，-0.003]）。此外，虐待对心理健康的总影响（β = 0.266，95% CI [0.164，0.354]）和虐待对幸福感的总影响（β = -0.152，95% CI [-0.259，-0.050]）也是显著的。研究表明，虐待经历会影响学生的幸福感和心理健康结果。家庭环境在虐待儿童与心理健康、虐待儿童与幸福感之间起着中介作用。
{"title":"Impact of Abuse on Mental Health and Happiness Among Students: Mediating Role of Family Environment","authors":"Aneesh Kumar, Sibnath Deb, Bhagyalakshmi KC","doi":"10.1177/09731342231217075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231217075","url":null,"abstract":"Child abuse and neglect is an issue of concern for public health professionals. The impact of abuse may lead to poor physical and mental health conditions. Family environment may impact coping and recovery among victims of abuse. The association between child abuse, mental health, happiness, and family environment is complex. The study examines the association and pathways between child abuse exposure, mental health and happiness, while exploring the potentially mediating effect of the family environment. Data were collected from 571 high school students from Kerala, India, by using various tools, including a semi-structured questionnaire, Depression and Anxiety Youth Scale, and happiness scale. A mediation analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) was carried out to test the objectives of the study. The analysis shows that mental health, happiness, and family environment are correlated with abuse experience. The mediation analysis further shows that the indirect effect of abuse on mental health via the family environment was significant (β = 0.013, 95% CI [0.002, 0.033]). The indirect effect of abuse on happiness via the family environment was significant (β = –0.019, 95% CI [–0.044, –0.003]). Furthermore, the total effect of abuse on mental health (β = 0.266, 95% CI [0.164, 0.354]) and abuse on happiness (β = –0.152, 95% CI [–0.259, –0.050]) was significant. The study reveals that abuse experiences impact happiness and mental health outcomes among students. The family environment mediates the relationship between child abuse and mental health, and between child abuse and happiness.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.1177/09731342231214048
Harshini Manohar, Eesha Sharma, J. Kommu
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act (2012) is a progressive legislation enacted in accordance with the child protection policies of India, with a basic premise of gender neutrality and with due consideration to the aspects of child development in complex and difficult judiciary processes. Deposition of the child survivors is a critical part of the POCSO trial processes. It is of paramount importance to consider the developmental and mental health aspects of children and how that would influence their understanding of the judicial processes and mental health consequences during judicial proceedings. Despite the guidelines and support measures for child-friendly court procedures, the courtroom experience can be intimidating for children causing stress and in turn negative mental health impact, and preparation interventions are of immense help in this context. We present two case vignettes where court preparation interventions were used to help children to feel empowered and confident, and minimize the impact of re-traumatization experienced in recounting their abuse experiences and consequently, enabling children to provide accurate testimony in the court.
{"title":"Preparation of Children for Deposition in the Court in POCSO Cases: Insights from Children’s Perspectives","authors":"Harshini Manohar, Eesha Sharma, J. Kommu","doi":"10.1177/09731342231214048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231214048","url":null,"abstract":"The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act (2012) is a progressive legislation enacted in accordance with the child protection policies of India, with a basic premise of gender neutrality and with due consideration to the aspects of child development in complex and difficult judiciary processes. Deposition of the child survivors is a critical part of the POCSO trial processes. It is of paramount importance to consider the developmental and mental health aspects of children and how that would influence their understanding of the judicial processes and mental health consequences during judicial proceedings. Despite the guidelines and support measures for child-friendly court procedures, the courtroom experience can be intimidating for children causing stress and in turn negative mental health impact, and preparation interventions are of immense help in this context. We present two case vignettes where court preparation interventions were used to help children to feel empowered and confident, and minimize the impact of re-traumatization experienced in recounting their abuse experiences and consequently, enabling children to provide accurate testimony in the court.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.1177/09731342231215562
Sreemoyee Sen Ram, Jai Ranjan Ram
Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is dishearteningly common in all societies and India is not an exception. Several methodologically robust epidemiological surveys have repeatedly affirmed the fact. Prevention of abuse is a societal prerogative, but it is an exceedingly complex task. Prevention of CSA needs synergistic, affirmative action by multiple stakeholders and cannot be addressed if individuals and organizations do not attempt to work in unison. A cursory review of the processes involved in protecting children from abuse in India paints a dismal picture of fractured services and absent coordination between health workers, teachers, social services, judiciary, and NGO’s. In India, the task of collaborative work to prevent CSA is made even more difficult by the fact that there is a culture of silence around the issues, which stifles conversation by invisibilizing the phenomena.
{"title":"Connecting Communities to Promote Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse—The RACSHA Initiative","authors":"Sreemoyee Sen Ram, Jai Ranjan Ram","doi":"10.1177/09731342231215562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231215562","url":null,"abstract":"Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is dishearteningly common in all societies and India is not an exception. Several methodologically robust epidemiological surveys have repeatedly affirmed the fact. Prevention of abuse is a societal prerogative, but it is an exceedingly complex task. Prevention of CSA needs synergistic, affirmative action by multiple stakeholders and cannot be addressed if individuals and organizations do not attempt to work in unison. A cursory review of the processes involved in protecting children from abuse in India paints a dismal picture of fractured services and absent coordination between health workers, teachers, social services, judiciary, and NGO’s. In India, the task of collaborative work to prevent CSA is made even more difficult by the fact that there is a culture of silence around the issues, which stifles conversation by invisibilizing the phenomena.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1177/09731342231208822
Nataraj Nandhini, Rajagopal Velu Aswini, S. Naaraayan
COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown which were its consequences have resulted in both short-term and long-term implications in mental health of adolescents. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among students in the post-COVID period and its risk factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 students studying grades 9–12 in government high schools and higher secondary schools in a city in South India in October and November 2021. A self-administered questionnaire containing socio-demographic data and DASS-21 scale was used. The outcome variable, namely prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression was expressed in proportion with a 95% confidence interval. The relation between an outcome variable and socio-demographic variables was determined by a chi-square test and p value <.05 was considered significant. Mean (standard deviation) age was 15.76 (1.104) years and 50.7% were boys. The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of stress, anxiety and depression were 30.3% (25.18–35.88), 47.3% (41.57–53.15) and 56.7% (50.85–62.35), respectively. Maternal illiteracy was significantly associated with stress and depression ( p < .5). Consequent to the COVID-19 pandemic, almost one-third of school-going adolescents aged 14–18 years’ experience stress and almost half of them experience anxiety and depression which is comparable to that observed before the onset of this pandemic.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Stress, Anxiety and Depression Among School Going Adolescents Following Covid Pandemic","authors":"Nataraj Nandhini, Rajagopal Velu Aswini, S. Naaraayan","doi":"10.1177/09731342231208822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231208822","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown which were its consequences have resulted in both short-term and long-term implications in mental health of adolescents. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among students in the post-COVID period and its risk factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 students studying grades 9–12 in government high schools and higher secondary schools in a city in South India in October and November 2021. A self-administered questionnaire containing socio-demographic data and DASS-21 scale was used. The outcome variable, namely prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression was expressed in proportion with a 95% confidence interval. The relation between an outcome variable and socio-demographic variables was determined by a chi-square test and p value <.05 was considered significant. Mean (standard deviation) age was 15.76 (1.104) years and 50.7% were boys. The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of stress, anxiety and depression were 30.3% (25.18–35.88), 47.3% (41.57–53.15) and 56.7% (50.85–62.35), respectively. Maternal illiteracy was significantly associated with stress and depression ( p < .5). Consequent to the COVID-19 pandemic, almost one-third of school-going adolescents aged 14–18 years’ experience stress and almost half of them experience anxiety and depression which is comparable to that observed before the onset of this pandemic.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"42 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.1177/09731342231214323
Shantha Sinha
The issue of child sexual violence violates each one of us and our sensibilities. Its prevalence in its myriad forms interrogates us, both at a personal level and at a societal level. It questions existing social norms and values, our ethical and moral fiber, and state (in)action. It pushes us out of our comfort zone, to experience a fugue of emotions of helplessness, indignation, sense of urgency or wanting to act. What it does to children is unfathomable! It compels one to reckon with what the child is at the present, her “being” and dignity and take cognizance of her “becoming” a person with agency and confidence in future. Justice for children cannot be dealt with in a fragmented manner but is seen in totality of her life from being a child to becoming an adult.
{"title":"Sexual Offences on Children—Principles of Child Jurisprudence and NCPCR","authors":"Shantha Sinha","doi":"10.1177/09731342231214323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231214323","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of child sexual violence violates each one of us and our sensibilities. Its prevalence in its myriad forms interrogates us, both at a personal level and at a societal level. It questions existing social norms and values, our ethical and moral fiber, and state (in)action. It pushes us out of our comfort zone, to experience a fugue of emotions of helplessness, indignation, sense of urgency or wanting to act. What it does to children is unfathomable! It compels one to reckon with what the child is at the present, her “being” and dignity and take cognizance of her “becoming” a person with agency and confidence in future. Justice for children cannot be dealt with in a fragmented manner but is seen in totality of her life from being a child to becoming an adult.","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1177/09731342231214322
Nidhi Chauhan
{"title":"Ethical Dilemma vs Legal Dilemma in a Case of Child Sexual Abuse","authors":"Nidhi Chauhan","doi":"10.1177/09731342231214322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09731342231214322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138596706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-20DOI: 10.1177/09731342231184438
Henal Shah, Allauki Dani
To study complementary effect of sleep training program in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) receiving tablet methylphenidate with respect to sleep, quality of life (social, behavioral, emotional, and executive functioning of children), and their parent’s emotional state. It was a comparative and prospective study, and it was conducted in child mental health services of a tertiary care municipal hospital. The children (age 8−12 years) were diagnosed with ADHD using DSM 5 criteria. The children’s sleep habit questionnaire (CSHQ) and Kiddie-SADS-PL questionnaire (K-SADS-PL) were used to select 100 consecutive participants (parent–child dyad). They were randomly equally divided into two groups: A and B. Semi-structured proforma was filled and different scales were applied for children; these scales include Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PQLI), Stroop test (ST) and Verbal fluency test (VFT), and to parent-Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The participants in group A received a validated sleep intervention and the scales were reapplied after 12 weeks. We used Chi-square test, paired t-test, unpaired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s correlation test, and logistic regression analysis for data analysis. p-Value <.05 was taken as significant. SPSS version 20 software was used for data analysis. We found significant post-intervention improvement in sleep, quality of life, social, emotional, behavioral, and executive functioning in children and emotional factors in parents. The combination of sleep intervention and tablet methylphenidate were more effective in improving these factors.
研究睡眠训练计划对接受哌醋甲酯片剂治疗的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的睡眠、生活质量（儿童的社交、行为、情绪和执行功能）及其父母情绪状态的补充作用。这是一项前瞻性比较研究，在一家三级甲等市立医院的儿童心理健康服务处进行。根据 DSM 5 标准，这些儿童（8-12 岁）被诊断为多动症。研究使用儿童睡眠习惯问卷（CSHQ）和Kiddie-SADS-PL问卷（K-SADS-PL）连续选取了100名参与者（亲子二人组）。他们被随机平均分为两组，A 组和 B 组：填写了半结构化问卷，并对儿童采用了不同的量表；这些量表包括优势与困难问卷（SDQ）、儿童生活质量量表（PQLI）、斯特罗普测试（ST）和语言流畅性测试（VFT），对家长则采用了抑郁焦虑压力量表-21（DASS-21）。A 组参与者接受了有效的睡眠干预，并在 12 周后重新使用了这些量表。数据分析采用了卡方检验、配对 t 检验、非配对 t 检验、Wilcoxon 符号秩检验、Mann-Whitney U 检验、Spearman 相关性检验和逻辑回归分析。数据分析采用 SPSS 20 版软件。我们发现，干预后儿童的睡眠、生活质量、社交、情绪、行为和执行功能以及家长的情绪因素均有明显改善。睡眠干预与哌醋甲酯片剂相结合对改善这些因素更为有效。
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