Improve the performance of reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with heralded single-photon sources

IF 1.5 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 OPTICS The European Physical Journal D Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI:10.1140/epjd/s10053-023-00737-y

Ling Zhou, Zhenhua Li, Jipeng Wang, Zhongqi Sun, Yue Li, Haiqiang Ma

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Abstract

The performance degradation of reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (RFI-MDI-QKD) protocol caused by the finite key size effect impedes its practical implementation. The protocol utilizes the double-scanning method, which makes it possible to precisely estimate both the counts of single-photon pairs and the phase-flip error. This method effectively counteracts the statistical fluctuation brought on by the finite key size effect. Based on this method, we propose a scheme in this work that substitutes heralded single-photon sources (HSPS) for weak coherent sources (WCS), and we compare the performance of the two schemes by calculating the key rate. The RFI-MDI-QKD using HSPS, according to the results of the simulation, has a lower key rate than the RFI-MDI-QKD using WCS, but it also has a longer transmission distance and a more noticeable improvement in transmission distance at larger rotation angles. Thus, we demonstrate that the RFI-MDI-QKD protocol, based on the double-scanning method and using HSPS, has promising future application potential.

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利用预传单光子源提高了与参考帧无关的测量设备无关的量子密钥分配的性能

参考帧无关测量设备无关量子密钥分配(RFI-MDI-QKD)协议由于有限密钥大小效应导致性能下降，阻碍了其实际实现。该协议采用双扫描方法，可以精确估计单光子对的计数和相位翻转误差。该方法有效地抵消了有限键大小效应带来的统计波动。在此基础上，我们提出了一种用预告单光子源(HSPS)代替弱相干源(WCS)的方案，并通过计算密钥速率比较了两种方案的性能。仿真结果表明，使用HSPS的RFI-MDI-QKD的密钥速率比使用WCS的RFI-MDI-QKD的密钥速率低，但传输距离更长，在更大的旋转角度下传输距离的改善更为明显。因此，我们证明了基于双重扫描方法和使用HSPS的RFI-MDI-QKD协议具有广阔的应用前景。

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来源期刊

The European Physical Journal D 物理-物理：原子、分子和化学物理

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

11.10%

发文量

213

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The European Physical Journal D (EPJ D) presents new and original research results in: Atomic Physics; Molecular Physics and Chemical Physics; Atomic and Molecular Collisions; Clusters and Nanostructures; Plasma Physics; Laser Cooling and Quantum Gas; Nonlinear Dynamics; Optical Physics; Quantum Optics and Quantum Information; Ultraintense and Ultrashort Laser Fields. The range of topics covered in these areas is extensive, from Molecular Interaction and Reactivity to Spectroscopy and Thermodynamics of Clusters, from Atomic Optics to Bose-Einstein Condensation to Femtochemistry.