Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Gang Involvement Among Juvenile Offenders: Assessing the Mediation Effects of Substance Use and Temperament Deficits

IF 1.5 1区社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1177/1541204019854799

Kevin T. Wolff, Michael T. Baglivio, Hannah J. Klein, A. Piquero, M. Delisi, J. Howell

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引用次数: 50

Abstract

A growing body of research has demonstrated the deleterious effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Less understood is the role of ACEs in gang involvement among juvenile offenders. The current longitudinal study employs a sample of 104,267 juvenile offenders (mean age of 16, 76% male, 46% Black non-Hispanic, 15.7% Hispanic) to examine the effect of ACE exposure on two different measures of gang involvement by age 18. We use structural equation modeling to test whether higher ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement and whether current substance use and/or difficult temperament mediates the ACE-gang involvement relationship. Results indicate ACE exposure at Time 1 predicts gang involvement by age 18, but that much of the effect of ACEs on later gang involvement can be explained by their impact on current substance abuse and difficult temperament. Implications for juvenile justice systems are discussed.

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青少年罪犯的不良童年经历（ACE）和帮派参与：评估物质使用和气质缺陷的中介作用

越来越多的研究证明了不良童年经历的有害影响。人们对ACE在青少年犯罪团伙参与中的作用知之甚少。目前的纵向研究采用了104267名青少年罪犯（平均年龄16岁，76%为男性，46%为非西班牙裔黑人，15.7%为西班牙牙裔）的样本，以检验ACE暴露对18岁之前帮派参与的两种不同衡量标准的影响。我们使用结构方程模型来测试时间1时较高的ACE暴露是否预测帮派参与，以及当前的物质使用和/或困难的气质是否介导ACE帮派参与关系。结果表明，时间1暴露于ACE可预测18岁时的帮派参与，但ACE对后来帮派参与的大部分影响可以通过其对当前药物滥用和难相处气质的影响来解释。讨论了对少年司法制度的影响。

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来源期刊

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

10.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice: An Interdisciplinary Journal provides academics and practitioners in juvenile justice and related fields with a resource for publishing current empirical research on programs, policies, and practices in the areas of youth violence and juvenile justice. Emphasis is placed on such topics as serious and violent juvenile offenders, juvenile offender recidivism, institutional violence, and other relevant topics to youth violence and juvenile justice such as risk assessment, psychopathy, self-control, and gang membership, among others. Decided emphasis is placed on empirical research with specific implications relevant to juvenile justice process, policy, and administration. Interdisciplinary in scope, Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice serves a diverse audience of academics and practitioners in the fields of criminal justice, education, psychology, social work, behavior analysis, sociology, law, counseling, public health, and all others with an interest in youth violence and juvenile justice.