Experimental study of the dynamics of the machining process by ball-end mills

Abstract

Introduction. Due to a significant number of factors affecting the change in the properties of a dynamic system, excessively conservative processing conditions are chosen to ensure the high quality of the resulting product. This limits the efficiency of the process and leads to an increase in the cost of production. Accordingly, modern approaches are needed that will allow diagnosing the current state of processing and making timely decisions to replace the tool, correct or change the control program. The significance of the ongoing research is to propose a real-time monitoring approach to milling control to identify emerging processing errors, predict potential problems and improve uptime. Subject. The paper discusses the features of the real-time monitoring system during mechanical processing with a single- and double-edge cutting tool, taking into account acoustic wave filtering, minimizing surface roughness. The purpose of the work is to determine the effect of the inclination orientation of the ball-end tool on the surface roughness value using real-time monitoring during milling on CNC process equipment. Methods. The study provides methods of correlation and regression analysis. The calculated data were obtained by means of vibroacoustic diagnostics and measured in the range of values of the variable angle of inclination of the surface for single- and double-edge cutting tool based on the provisions of the theory of oscillations and vibroacoustic diagnostics, cutting theory, digital processing and digital filtering of signals. Results and discussions. Experimental data obtained during machining made it possible to determine that an increase in the angle of inclination of a single-edge cutting tool has practically no effect on the change in the amplitude parameters of roughness. The values of vibroacoustic diagnostics and roughness, when using a double-edge ball-end tool, show a consistent picture with the effects created by the angles of inclination and advance. The obtained solutions to the problems of monitoring and analyzing the roughness parameters can significantly reduce the amount of experimental research and clarify the idea of the practical implementation of the method of acoustic monitoring of the cutting process.