Barentsburg and Longyearbyen in times of socioeconomic transition: Residents’ perceptions of community viability

IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Polar Record Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI:10.1017/S0032247422000043
J. Olsen, A. Vlakhov, K. Wigger
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Abstract Geopolitical interventions since the end of the 1980s—such as the collapse of the Soviet Union, a decline in the activities of state-owned coal companies, and governmental initiatives to increase tourism activities—have affected the community viability of two main settlements on Svalbard: Barentsburg and Longyearbyen. This paper explores how the residents of these settlements (with different cultural backgrounds) perceive the effects of socioeconomic transitions on community viability. The analysis of qualitative interviews with residents of Barentsburg (n = 62) and Longyearbyen (n = 36) reveals the residents’ perceptions of the pace of the transition and the changing community composition. New types of commercial activities, such as tourism, contribute to local value creation and socioeconomic development but come with concerns grounded in community fluctuation, environmental protection, economic prioritisation, and power relationships. Compared to Longyearbyen, Barentsburg has undergone relatively minor demographic and social changes and remains stable in terms of culture, language, and management practices. We conclude that the viability of Longyearbyen and Barentsburg during the transition was affected by community dynamics and fluctuations, social relationships within and between communities, and local institutional practices.
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社会经济转型时期的巴伦支堡和朗伊尔城:居民对社区生存能力的看法
摘要自20世纪80年代末以来的地缘政治干预——如苏联解体、国有煤炭公司活动减少以及政府增加旅游活动的举措——影响了斯瓦尔巴群岛上两个主要定居点的社区生存能力:巴伦茨堡和朗伊尔城。本文探讨了这些定居点的居民(具有不同的文化背景)如何感知社会经济转型对社区生存能力的影响。对巴伦茨堡(n=62)和朗伊尔城(n=36)居民的定性访谈分析揭示了居民对过渡速度和不断变化的社区组成的看法。旅游业等新型商业活动有助于当地价值创造和社会经济发展,但同时也带来了基于社区波动、环境保护、经济优先次序和权力关系的担忧。与朗伊尔城相比,巴伦茨堡经历了相对较小的人口和社会变化,在文化、语言和管理实践方面保持稳定。我们得出的结论是,Longyearbyen和Barentsburg在过渡期间的生存能力受到社区动态和波动、社区内部和社区之间的社会关系以及当地制度实践的影响。
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来源期刊
Polar Record
Polar Record 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
25.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: Polar Record is an international, peer-reviewed scholarly periodical publishing results from a wide range of polar research areas. The journal covers original primary research papers in the humanities, social sciences, physical sciences, life sciences, and polar technology, as well as papers concerning current political, economic, legal, and environmental issues in the Arctic or Antarctic. Polar Record endeavours to provide rapid publication, normally within nine months of initial submission.
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