Non-cognitive skills and immigrant-native inequalities in the labor market in Europe

IF 2.3 Q1 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Frontiers in Political Science Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI:10.3389/fpos.2023.1091997
Agnieszka Kanas, M. Fenger
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Abstract

Non-cognitive skills are increasingly essential in the labor market, especially given technological advances and evolving work environments. Unequal distribution of non-cognitive skills among various groups in the population may contribute to labor market inequalities. This article investigates the significance of non-cognitive skills for immigrant-native inequalities in the European labor market. Specifically, we examine the potential differences in non-cognitive skills between native and immigrant groups and how these differences may affect their income. Additionally, we explore whether equal levels of non-cognitive skills have comparable payoffs for native and immigrant groups in society. We use, comparative survey data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies and OLS regressions with country fixed effects. Our findings show that many immigrants exhibit lower levels of non-cognitive skills than native-born workers, despite differences between origin groups. This difference in non-cognitive skills explains part of the immigrant-native inequality in the labor market for most immigrant-origin groups. Moreover, our results indicate that immigrants, especially those from Central and Eastern European countries, benefit less from exercising comparable non-cognitive skills than native-born workers. Our study highlights the importance of non-cognitive skills in addressing the labor market disadvantage faced by immigrants, and emphasizes that policymakers and educators should recognize the significance of these skills when developing policies targeting immigrants.
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欧洲劳动力市场中的非认知技能与移民-本土不平等
非认知技能在劳动力市场上越来越重要,尤其是在技术进步和工作环境不断变化的情况下。非认知技能在人口中不同群体之间的不平等分布可能会导致劳动力市场的不平等。本文调查了非认知技能对欧洲劳动力市场移民与本土不平等的意义。具体来说,我们研究了本地和移民群体在非认知技能方面的潜在差异,以及这些差异如何影响他们的收入。此外,我们探讨了同等水平的非认知技能是否对社会上的本地和移民群体有相当的回报。我们使用来自国际成人能力评估项目的比较调查数据和具有国家固定效应的OLS回归。我们的研究结果表明,尽管移民群体之间存在差异,但许多移民的非认知技能水平低于本土出生的工人。这种非认知技能的差异部分解释了大多数移民群体在劳动力市场上的移民与本土不平等。此外,我们的研究结果表明,移民,特别是来自中欧和东欧国家的移民,从锻炼可比的非认知技能中获得的收益低于本土出生的工人。我们的研究强调了非认知技能在解决移民面临的劳动力市场劣势方面的重要性,并强调政策制定者和教育工作者在制定针对移民的政策时应该认识到这些技能的重要性。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Political Science
Frontiers in Political Science Social Sciences-Political Science and International Relations
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
135
审稿时长
13 weeks
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