Neonauclea formicaria (Rubiaceae) Leaf Extract Inhibits Vascularization in the Chorioallantoic Membrane of Duck Embryos

J. Vergara, M. Demetillo, L. Ombat, Jashin Rosal
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Abstract

Plants are reservoirs of bioactive compounds with the potential for pharmaceutical use. In this study, the secondary metabolites of Neonauclea formicaria leaf crude ethanolic extract were determined using phytochemical screening. The plant's leaf extract was then used to test its angiogenesis activity using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Four concentrations of the extract were prepared—0.1 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 10.0 mg/L, and 100.0 mg/L and were topically applied on the CAM. Phytochemical screening revealed that N. formicaria leaves contain heavy amounts of flavonoids and tannins, while alkaloids, saponins, and steroids were present in trace amounts. The crude ethanolic extract was anti-angiogenic, as indicated by the significant decrease of vascular density at higher concentrations (P<0.05).  The 100 mg/L extract concentration showed the highest vascular inhibition (50.93%) among the other concentrations, suggesting its angiopreventive potential (P<0.05). Further investigation on the embryo's gross morphometry revealed no significant effects in the weight, crown-rump length, head-beak length, forelimb length, and hind limb length. Also, these indices were not associated with the angiogenesis activity on the CAM. Further studies exploring the specific metabolites of the different plant parts of N. formicaria and the plant's angiopreventive potential are recommended.
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新冠蚁叶提取物对鸭胚绒毛尿囊膜血管化的抑制作用
植物是具有药用潜力的生物活性化合物的储存库。本研究采用植物化学筛选法测定了新冠树叶粗乙醇提取物的次生代谢产物。然后用毛囊尿囊膜(CAM)法检测植物叶片提取物的血管生成活性。制备0.1 mg/L、1.0 mg/L、10.0 mg/L、100.0 mg/L四种浓度的提取物,局部涂于CAM上。植物化学筛选结果表明,金丝桃叶片含有大量的黄酮类化合物和单宁,而生物碱、皂苷和类固醇则存在微量。粗乙醇提取物具有抑制血管生成的作用,浓度越高,血管密度显著降低(P<0.05)。100 mg/L提取物对血管的抑制作用最强(50.93%),具有一定的预防作用(P<0.05)。进一步对胚胎的大体形态测定结果显示,体重、冠臀长、头喙长、前肢长和后肢长均无显著影响。此外,这些指标与CAM上的血管生成活性无关。建议进一步研究不同植物部位的特定代谢物和植物的血管预防潜力。
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International Letters of Natural Sciences
International Letters of Natural Sciences MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-
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