Artificial Photosynthesis Technology: Is it Possible?

Abstract

How to artificially mimic a natural process as important and complex as photosynthesis in plants? Apart from being essential for life on our planet, the phenomenon of artificial photosynthesis is intriguing because it provides an incredible ability to capture light and energy, subsequently converting it into chemical energy with high-quantum efficiency. As a consequence of increasing economic and environmental interest, research on artificial photosynthesis has increased; an exponential growth has been seen from the 21st century onwards, with mastery of the phenomenon’s mechanisms being a major challenge to stimulate further development of the subject. Since the 20th century, there have been great expectations regarding further advancing the process of artificial photosynthesis due to the clear recognition of its importance for humanity. With increasing problems in the context of climate change and energy shortages, the possibility of using the core concepts of photosynthesis to contribute to advancing our knowledge on the generation of clean energy from water splitting and hydrogen production, and the recycling of CO2 into hydrocarbon compounds and/or fuels with ample added value has become increasingly important.