Relationship of lung function with homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid level in metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex metabolic disorder and with debilitating effects on many organs including lung function impairment. Hyperhomocysteinaemia is caused by nutritional deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid can increase this risk further. Both the metabolic syndrome and hyperhomocysteinaemia adversely affect the lung function. But no study was found in Bangladeshi MetS in this regard. Objective: To assess the relationship of lung function with serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid level in metabolic syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from November, 2019 to April, 2020. A total of 60 female subjects were selected with the age ranging from 25-45 year by purposive sampling. Among them 30 metabolic syndrome patients were included in the study group (group A) and 30 age and sex matched apparently healthy subjects constituted comparison group (group B). Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid and other biochemical parameters and the lung function of all subjects were assessed. Data were expressed as mean±SD. Spirometric measures were expressed as percent of predicted value. Statistical analysis was done by Independent sample ‘t’ test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Results: In this study, the mean percentage of predicted value of FVC, FEV1 and, PEFR were significantly lower (p<0.001) in group A than those of group B. The mean serum homocysteine level was higher and vitamin B12 and folic acid level were lower in metabolic syndrome patients compared to comparison group and the difference was statistically significant only for homocysteine (p<0.05). In addition, the FVC and FEV1 were significantly negatively correlated (p<0.05) with serum homocysteine and FVC was significantly positively correlated (p<0.05) with serum folic acid level in group A. Conclusion: The present study reveals that impairment of lung function is related to higher level of homocysteine and lower level of folic acid in metabolic syndrome. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2021; 47(2): 175-180