Oral health status of individuals affected with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Kidney diseases can lead to various oral manifestations as a result of systemic diseases which directly or indirectly affecting the kidney. Evidence suggests that in individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), periodontal disease also tends to progress. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the oral health status of individuals with CKD and also to correlate oral health diseases with different stages of CKD. Methods: Oral health status of the patients was obtained from hospital records. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) scores and periodontal status were assessed in these patients. Results: With increasing stages of CKD, loss of attachment also shows an increasing trend, and the correlation was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.015). Mean scores of the highest loss of attachment of stage 5 and stage 4 showed a significant difference in scores with those of stage 3 (P = 0.13 and P = 0.27, respectively). DMFT scores were not found to significantly vary according to CKD stages. Conclusion: In the present study, it was observed that individuals with advanced stages of CKD are more prone to develop periodontal lesions compared to those with mild CKD. Dental caries in individuals affected with CKD are not found to vary according to the severity of the kidney disease.