The epiphytic orchid Vanda falcata is predominantly associated with a single Tulasnellaceae fungus in adulthood, and Ceratobasidiaceae fungi strongly induce its seed germination in vitro

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q4 ECOLOGY Plant Species Biology Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI:10.1111/1442-1984.12432
Kento Rammitsu, Nao Yamamoto, R. Chamara, Mutsumi Minobe, Akihiko Kinoshita, Nobuhiko Kotaka, Y. Ogura‐Tsujita
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Abstract

Vanda falcata is an epiphytic orchid native to East Asia with high horticultural and ornamental value. However, its wild populations are at risk of extinction due to overcollection and habitat loss. Orchids are highly dependent on mycorrhizal fungi for their nutrient acquisition from seed germination to adulthood; therefore, understanding their mycorrhizal associations throughout the life cycle is essential for their conservation. We investigated the mycorrhizal fungi of adult V. falcata plants through the molecular identification of root samples from 40 individual plants from 13 sites, covering a distance of 1200 km across Japan. To identify the fungi that promote V. falcata seed germination, we performed seed germination tests in vitro with fungal isolates from V. falcata and other epiphytic orchids. In adult plants, we detected a total of 11 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) within two fungal families, Ceratobasidiaceae and Tulasnellaceae, and a single Tulasnellaceae OTU (TU11) was found in samples from 12 sites. However, Vanda falcata seed germination and early development were induced in vitro by Ceratobasidiaceae fungi rather than Tulasnellaceae fungi, including TU11. These results suggest that different mycorrhizal fungi may be predominantly associated with V. falcata in the adult and seed germination stages. This mycorrhizal switching suggests that effective mycorrhizal fungi for conservation may differ between the adult and juvenile stages, even within a single orchid species. Our findings clarify the mycorrhizal associations of endangered epiphytic orchid species and could improve conservation efforts for these rare plants.

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附生兰Vanda falcata在成年期主要与一种Tulasnellaceae真菌有关,而Ceratobasidiaceae真菌在体外强烈诱导其种子发芽
Vanda falcata是原产于东亚的附生兰花,具有较高的园艺和观赏价值。然而,由于过度采集和栖息地丧失,其野生种群面临灭绝的风险。兰花从种子发芽到成年都高度依赖菌根真菌获取营养;因此,了解它们在整个生命周期中的菌根联系对于保护它们至关重要。我们通过对来自13个地点的40株植物的根样本进行分子鉴定,研究了镰刀菌成虫的菌根真菌 公里。为了鉴定促进镰孢霉种子发芽的真菌,我们对镰孢霉和其他附生兰花的真菌分离株进行了体外种子发芽试验。在成年植物中,我们在两个真菌科(Ceratobasidiaceae和Tulasnellaceae)中总共检测到11个操作分类单元(OTU),在来自12个地点的样本中发现了一个Tulasnellceae OTU(TU11)。然而,Vanda falcata种子的萌发和早期发育是由Ceratobasidiaceae真菌而不是Tulasnellaceae真菌(包括TU11)在体外诱导的。这些结果表明,在成虫和种子萌发阶段,不同的菌根真菌可能主要与镰孢霉有关。这种菌根的转换表明,用于保护的有效菌根真菌在成年和幼年阶段可能有所不同,即使在单个兰花物种中也是如此。我们的发现阐明了濒危附生兰花物种的菌根联系,并可能改善这些稀有植物的保护工作。
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来源期刊
Plant Species Biology
Plant Species Biology 生物-生态学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
14.30%
发文量
36
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Plant Species Biology is published four times a year by The Society for the Study of Species Biology. Plant Species Biology publishes research manuscripts in the fields of population biology, pollination biology, evolutionary ecology, biosystematics, co-evolution, and any other related fields in biology. In addition to full length papers, the journal also includes short research papers as notes and comments. Invited articles may be accepted or occasion at the request of the Editorial Board. Manuscripts should contain new results of empirical and/or theoretical investigations concerning facts, processes, mechanisms or concepts of evolutionary as well as biological phenomena. Papers that are purely descriptive are not suitable for this journal. Notes & comments of the following contents will not be accepted for publication: Development of DNA markers. The journal is introducing ''Life history monographs of Japanese plant species''. The journal is dedicated to minimizing the time between submission, review and publication and to providing a high quality forum for original research in Plant Species Biology.
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