Promoting in-vivo bone regeneration using facile engineered load-bearing 3D bioactive scaffold

IF 3.9 3区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Biomedical materials Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI:10.1088/1748-605X/ac58d6
Saumya Dash, Pinky, Varun Arora, Kunj Sachdeva, Harshita Sharma, A. Dinda, A. Agrawal, M. Jassal, S. Mohanty
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The worldwide incidence of bone disorders has trended steeply upward and is expected to get doubled by 2030. The biological mechanism of bone repair involves both osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. Despite the self-healing functionality after injury, bone tissue faces a multitude of pathological challenges. Several innovative approaches have been developed to prepare biomaterial-based bone grafts. To design a suitable bone material, the freeze-drying technique has achieved significant importance among the other conventional methods. However, the functionality of the polymeric freeze-dried scaffold in in-vivo osteogenesis is in a nascent stage. In this study facile, freeze-dried, biomaterial-based load-bearing three-dimensional porous composite scaffolds have been prepared. The biocompatible scaffolds have been made by using chitosan (C), polycaprolactone (P), hydroxyapatite (H), glass ionomer (G), and graphene (gr). Scaffolds of eight different groups (C, P, CP, CPH, CPHG, CPHGgr1, CPHGgr2, CPHGgr3) have been designed and characterized to evaluate their applicability in orthopedics. To evaluate the efficacy of the scaffolds a series of physio-chemical, morphological, and in-vitro and in-vivo biological experiments have been performed. From the obtained results it was observed that the CPHGgr1 is the ideal compatible material for Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the blood cells. The in-vitro bone-specific gene expression study revealed that the scaffold assists MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, the in-vivo study on the mice model was also performed for a period of four and eight weeks. The subcutaneous implantation of the designed scaffolds did not show any altered physiological condition in the animals, which indicated the in-vivo biocompatibility of the designed material. The histopathological study revealed that after eight weeks of implantation, the CPHGgr1 scaffold supported significantly better collagen deposition and calcification. The facile designing of the CPHGgr1 multicomponent nanocomposite provided an osteo-regenerative biomaterial with desired mechanical strength as an ideal regenerative material for cancellous bone tissue regeneration.
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利用简易工程负重3D生物活性支架促进体内骨再生
全球骨疾病发病率呈急剧上升趋势,预计到2030年将翻一番。骨修复的生物学机制包括骨传导和骨诱导。尽管骨组织在损伤后具有自愈功能,但骨组织面临着许多病理挑战。已经开发了几种创新的方法来制备基于生物材料的骨移植物。为了设计合适的骨材料,冷冻干燥技术在其他常规方法中具有重要意义。然而,聚合物冻干支架在体内成骨中的功能尚处于初级阶段。在这项研究中,制备了易于使用的、冷冻干燥的、基于生物材料的三维多孔复合材料承重支架。采用壳聚糖(C)、聚己内酯(P)、羟基磷灰石(H)、玻璃离聚体(G)和石墨烯(gr)制备了生物相容性支架。设计并表征了8种不同类型的支架(C、P、CP、CPH、CPHG、CPHGgr1、CPHGgr2、CPHGgr3),以评价其在骨科中的适用性。为了评估支架的功效,我们进行了一系列的理化、形态学、体外和体内生物学实验。结果表明,CPHGgr1是沃顿氏凝胶源间充质干细胞(MSCs)和血细胞的理想相容性材料。体外骨特异性基因表达研究表明,该支架有助于MSCs成骨分化。此外,还对小鼠模型进行了为期4周和8周的体内研究。所设计的支架皮下植入后,动物的生理状况未发生任何改变,表明所设计材料具有良好的体内生物相容性。组织病理学研究显示,植入8周后,CPHGgr1支架支持的胶原沉积和钙化明显改善。CPHGgr1多组分纳米复合材料的简单设计提供了一种具有理想机械强度的骨再生生物材料,是一种理想的松质骨组织再生材料。
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来源期刊
Biomedical materials
Biomedical materials 工程技术-材料科学:生物材料
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
7.50%
发文量
294
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The goal of the journal is to publish original research findings and critical reviews that contribute to our knowledge about the composition, properties, and performance of materials for all applications relevant to human healthcare. Typical areas of interest include (but are not limited to): -Synthesis/characterization of biomedical materials- Nature-inspired synthesis/biomineralization of biomedical materials- In vitro/in vivo performance of biomedical materials- Biofabrication technologies/applications: 3D bioprinting, bioink development, bioassembly & biopatterning- Microfluidic systems (including disease models): fabrication, testing & translational applications- Tissue engineering/regenerative medicine- Interaction of molecules/cells with materials- Effects of biomaterials on stem cell behaviour- Growth factors/genes/cells incorporated into biomedical materials- Biophysical cues/biocompatibility pathways in biomedical materials performance- Clinical applications of biomedical materials for cell therapies in disease (cancer etc)- Nanomedicine, nanotoxicology and nanopathology- Pharmacokinetic considerations in drug delivery systems- Risks of contrast media in imaging systems- Biosafety aspects of gene delivery agents- Preclinical and clinical performance of implantable biomedical materials- Translational and regulatory matters
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