Yi-Ping Chang, Z. Yin, T. Balciunas, H. Wörner, J. Wolf
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引用次数: 7
Abstract
Sub-μm thin samples are essential for spectroscopic purposes. The development of flat micro-jets enabled novel spectroscopic and scattering methods for investigating molecular systems in the liquid phase. However, the temperature of these ultra-thin liquid sheets in vacuum has not been systematically investigated. Here, we present a comprehensive temperature characterization using optical Raman spectroscopy of sub-micron flatjets produced by two different methods: colliding of two cylindrical jets and a cylindrical jet compressed by a high pressure gas. Our results reveal the dependence of the cooling rate on the material properties and the source characteristics, i.e., nozzle-orifice size, flow rate, and pressure. We show that materials with higher vapor pressures exhibit faster cooling rates, which is illustrated by comparing the temperature profiles of water and ethanol flatjets. In a sub-μm liquid sheet, the temperature of the water sample reaches around 268 K and the ethanol around 253 K close to the flatjet's terminus.
Structural Dynamics-UsCHEMISTRY, PHYSICALPHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECU-PHYSICS, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR & CHEMICAL
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
3.60%
发文量
24
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍：
Structural Dynamics focuses on the recent developments in experimental and theoretical methods and techniques that allow a visualization of the electronic and geometric structural changes in real time of chemical, biological, and condensed-matter systems. The community of scientists and engineers working on structural dynamics in such diverse systems often use similar instrumentation and methods.
The journal welcomes articles dealing with fundamental problems of electronic and structural dynamics that are tackled by new methods, such as:
Time-resolved X-ray and electron diffraction and scattering,
Coherent diffractive imaging,
Time-resolved X-ray spectroscopies (absorption, emission, resonant inelastic scattering, etc.),
Time-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and electron microscopy,
Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopies (UPS, XPS, ARPES, etc.),
Multidimensional spectroscopies in the infrared, the visible and the ultraviolet,
Nonlinear spectroscopies in the VUV, the soft and the hard X-ray domains,
Theory and computational methods and algorithms for the analysis and description of structuraldynamics and their associated experimental signals.
These new methods are enabled by new instrumentation, such as:
X-ray free electron lasers, which provide flux, coherence, and time resolution,
New sources of ultrashort electron pulses,
New sources of ultrashort vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) to hard X-ray pulses, such as high-harmonic generation (HHG) sources or plasma-based sources,
New sources of ultrashort infrared and terahertz (THz) radiation,
New detectors for X-rays and electrons,
New sample handling and delivery schemes,
New computational capabilities.
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