{"title":"Unexpected immunoregulation effects of D-lactate, different from L-lactate","authors":"Yongheng Yan, Ruijie Xu, Xiu-xia Li, Zhijie Yao, Hao Zhang, Haitao Li, Wei Chen","doi":"10.1080/09540105.2022.2068508","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With advances in the study of the human microbiome, the fact that lactate is the smallest chiral molecule in nature has drawn attention. However, there have been few comparative studies on the classification of L-lactate and D-lactate. In this study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of D-lactate as an immunomodulator of food origin. In terms of safety evaluation, both lactates were found to promote cell proliferation and repair. D-lactate was well tolerated for 30 d at doses up to 2000 mg/kg in mice. In terms of immune function evaluation, unexpectedly, D-lactate was found to enhance immunity by increasing the immune organ index, ear swelling index, lymphocyte conversion rate, haemolysis rate and macrophage phagocytosis rate and had a dose-dependent effect. D-lactate showed stronger immune regulation effects than L-lactate. This study proves the safety and the immunoregulation capacity of D-lactate and provides a mechanistic basis for the bioactivity of fermented foods.","PeriodicalId":12300,"journal":{"name":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","volume":"33 1","pages":"286 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Food and Agricultural Immunology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2022.2068508","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
ABSTRACT With advances in the study of the human microbiome, the fact that lactate is the smallest chiral molecule in nature has drawn attention. However, there have been few comparative studies on the classification of L-lactate and D-lactate. In this study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of D-lactate as an immunomodulator of food origin. In terms of safety evaluation, both lactates were found to promote cell proliferation and repair. D-lactate was well tolerated for 30 d at doses up to 2000 mg/kg in mice. In terms of immune function evaluation, unexpectedly, D-lactate was found to enhance immunity by increasing the immune organ index, ear swelling index, lymphocyte conversion rate, haemolysis rate and macrophage phagocytosis rate and had a dose-dependent effect. D-lactate showed stronger immune regulation effects than L-lactate. This study proves the safety and the immunoregulation capacity of D-lactate and provides a mechanistic basis for the bioactivity of fermented foods.
期刊介绍：
Food and Agricultural Immunology is an international open access journal publishing original immunological research with applications in food, agricultural, environmental and veterinary science. Submissions describing the use of immunological techniques and methods are particularly welcomed.
The journal aims to expand our understanding of the interactions at the interface of food and immune systems including studies on:
-Development of diagnostic systems – all types of ligand-based assays, e.g. antibody, aptamer
-Application of ligand-based assays for the detection or identification of molecules of interest in food science, agricultural research, veterinary investigations and clinical systems relating to food allergy or sensitivity to agricultural chemicals
-Effects of food on the immune system
-Studies on allergy and allergic reactions
-Investigations into food allergies
-Development of allergen-free food systems
-Development of novel assay formats
-Applications of assay systems to the monitoring of food items in relation to safety and labelling
-Food quality issues, e.g. speciation, adulteration and contamination
-Comparisons between different analytical techniques
The journal publishes research and review articles and is essential reading for food scientists, immunologists and all those concerned with the interaction between food and immune systems.
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