EPITHETS AS A MEANS OF THE PERSONAGE’S EMOTIONAL STATE REPRESENTATION IN THE TEXTS OF ENGLISH FICTIONAL WORKS

I. Lelet
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Abstract

The aim of the present research is to analyse in detail and describe functioning of such lexical stylistic means as epithet used to nominate the personage’s emotional state in the texts of English fictional works. The research has been done within the framework of functional linguistics, namely, text linguistics. The established aim implies finding solutions to a number of tasks: 1. to analyse the peculiarities of usage of metaphorical epithet; 2. to describe the means of intensification used to increase expressiveness of epithets; 3. to define the characteristic features of epithets formed with the help of nouns; 4. to outline the difference of inverted epithets. The material of our investigation includes the works of outstanding English writers: D. H. Lawrence (The Lovely Lady and other stories), К. Mansfield (Selected stories), J. D. Salinger (Nine Stories). Epithets serve as a stylistic means that is widely used to characterize the emotional state of a personage. As a result of our research, we have established several types of epithets that help to express mainly negative emotions (anger, repulsion). Metaphorical epithets give the nominated emotion brighter characteristics, thus, contributing to full exposure of the personage’s image. In combination with other stylistic means epithets may form chains. The latter intensify the perception of the nominated emotion by the reader. Epithets in postposition toward to the noun they identify and intensifiers (mainly ‘so’) can not only express the personage’s emotions (or even their shades), but also their attitude to the events / phenomena. Inverted epithets are expressive and stylistically marked as colloquial. As a rule, epithets are expressed by adjectives and participles. Fewer epithets are expressed by adverbs. There are cases fixed when nouns function as epithets, mainly in prepositional phrases with ‘of’.
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称谓语作为英国小说文本中人物情感状态表征的一种手段
本研究的目的是详细分析和描述英语小说文本中人物情感状态的形容词等词汇文体手段的作用。这项研究是在功能语言学,即文本语言学的框架内进行的。既定目标意味着要找到解决许多任务的办法:1。分析比喻形容词的使用特点;2.描述用于增加形容词表达力的强化手段;3.界定借助名词形成的形容词的特征;4.概述倒置形容词的区别。我们的调查材料包括英国杰出作家的作品:D.H.劳伦斯(《可爱的女人》和其他故事),К。曼斯菲尔德(小说选集),J·D·塞林格(《九个故事》)。墓志铭作为一种文体手段,被广泛用于刻画人物的情感状态。作为我们研究的结果,我们已经建立了几种类型的形容词,它们主要有助于表达负面情绪(愤怒、排斥)。隐喻性的称谓赋予被提名的情感以鲜明的特征,从而有助于人物形象的充分展现。与其他文体手段相结合,形容词可能形成链条。后者强化了读者对指定情感的感知。后位的表语指向他们所识别和强化的名词(主要是“so”),不仅可以表达人物的情绪(甚至是他们的阴影),还可以表达他们对事件/现象的态度。倒置的形容词表现力强,在文体上被标记为口语。通常,形容词用形容词和分词来表达。副词表达的形容词较少。名词充当形容词时有固定的格,主要是在带有“of”的介词短语中。
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