Valorization of coal mine effluents — Challenges and economic opportunities

IF 4.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES Water Resources and Industry Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.wri.2022.100179

Nikhil Dilip Pawar , Steve Harris , Krzysztof Mitko , Gijsbert Korevaar

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Coal-mine effluent treatment has the potential to both reduce the environmental impact of the effluent and provide economic opportunities by recovering valuable minerals and clean water. In this study, we modeled a novel treatment process, which includes nanofiltration (NF), two-step crystallization, reverse osmosis (RO), electrodialysis (ED), multi-effect distillation (MED), and a NaCl crystallizer, and performed a techno-economic analysis of its full-scale implementation, using a circular economy approach. We estimated the thermal and electrical energy consumption to be 745.5 kWh_th/ton_NaCl and 565.1 kWh_el/ton_NaCl (or 13.6 kWh_th and 10.3 kWh_el per m³ of feed effluent), respectively. The levelized cost of the NaCl salt that accounts for the revenue from the plant's co-products (Mg(OH)₂, CaSO₄ and, pure water) was estimated to be 203 USD/ton_NaCl. The economic viability of the treatment chain can be improved by using renewable electricity sources, reducing the total expenditure on NF and RO, and integrating alternate technologies into the treatment plant.

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煤矿废水的资源化——挑战与经济机遇

煤矿废水处理有可能减少废水对环境的影响，并通过回收有价值的矿物和清洁水提供经济机会。在这项研究中，我们模拟了一种新的处理工艺，包括纳滤(NF)、两步结晶、反渗透(RO)、电渗析(ED)、多效蒸馏(MED)和NaCl结晶器，并使用循环经济方法对其全面实施进行了技术经济分析。我们估计热能和电能消耗分别为745.5 kWhth/吨nacl和565.1 kWhth/吨nacl(或每立方米饲料流出物13.6 kWhth和10.3 kWhel)。氯化钠的平准化成本估计为203美元/吨氯化钠，氯化钠是该工厂副产品(Mg(OH)2、CaSO4和纯净水)的收入来源。通过使用可再生电力资源，减少NF和RO的总支出，以及将替代技术整合到处理厂，可以提高处理链的经济可行性。

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来源期刊

Water Resources and Industry Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

75 days

期刊介绍： Water Resources and Industry moves research to innovation by focusing on the role industry plays in the exploitation, management and treatment of water resources. Different industries use radically different water resources in their production processes, while they produce, treat and dispose a wide variety of wastewater qualities. Depending on the geographical location of the facilities, the impact on the local resources will vary, pre-empting the applicability of one single approach. The aims and scope of the journal include: -Industrial water footprint assessment - an evaluation of tools and methodologies -What constitutes good corporate governance and policy and how to evaluate water-related risk -What constitutes good stakeholder collaboration and engagement -New technologies enabling companies to better manage water resources -Integration of water and energy and of water treatment and production processes in industry