Water Resources and Industry最新文献

Respiration-based development of an activated sludge model for degradation of an organic solvent 基于呼吸的有机溶剂降解活性污泥模型的开发

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2026.100344

Markus Ahnert, Thomas Schalk, Peter Krebs

This study presents the development and validation of a comprehensive activated sludge model for degradation of the organic solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) under aerobic conditions in wastewater treatment plants. Through systematic batch experiments measuring oxygen uptake rates (OUR), we identified the need to incorporate of incorporating two distinct biomass fractions to accurately capture the degradation kinetics observed in practice. Model development and calibration is based on substrate pulse experiments with intermediate substances. The degradation pathway proceeds via dimethylamine (DMA) with acetic acid and methanol as intermediate products. Two distinct biomass fractions were required for an accurate simulation: one for the direct growth kinetics on methanol degradation and another for the simultaneous storage and growth processes of acetate degradation. Model calibration revealed unusually high growth and decay rates compared to those of conventional municipal activated sludge systems, indicating the presence of specialized microbial populations adapted to using DMAc as the sole carbon source. The model successfully reproduced the complex respiratory patterns observed during the substrate pulse experiments involving both single compounds and combinations. This work provides valuable insights for designing and operating biological treatment systems for DMAc-containing industrial wastewaters. The respiration-based method of model development can be adapted to other single-substrate degradation processes involving comparable substrates.

本研究提出了一种综合活性污泥模型的开发和验证，用于在废水处理厂的好氧条件下降解有机溶剂N，N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMAc）。通过测量氧气吸收率（OUR）的系统批量实验，我们确定需要将两种不同的生物质馏分结合起来，以准确捕获在实践中观察到的降解动力学。模型的开发和校准是基于基片脉冲实验与中间物质。二甲胺（DMA）为降解途径，中间产物为乙酸和甲醇。精确模拟需要两个不同的生物质馏分：一个用于甲醇降解的直接生长动力学，另一个用于醋酸降解的同时储存和生长过程。与传统的城市活性污泥系统相比，模型校准显示出异常高的生长和衰减率，表明存在适应使用DMAc作为唯一碳源的特殊微生物种群。该模型成功地再现了底物脉冲实验中观察到的复杂呼吸模式，包括单一化合物和组合。这项工作为设计和操作含dmac的工业废水的生物处理系统提供了有价值的见解。基于呼吸的模型开发方法可以适用于涉及可比底物的其他单底物降解过程。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated water quality indices as tools for evaluating small hydropower impacts 综合水质指标作为评价小水电影响的工具

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2026.100342

Paweł Tomczyk , Michał Tymcio , Alban Kuriqi , José Maria Santos , Aleksandra Wdowczyk , Mirosław Wiatkowski

Robust water-quality assessment is critical to supporting evidence-based hydropower policy and compliance with river basin management objectives. This study evaluated the effectiveness and representativeness of selected water quality indices (WQIs, based on 25 water quality parameters), the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment WQI (CCME WQI), Oregon WQI (OWQI), Overall Index of Pollution (OIP), Dinius WQI (DWQI), and Universal WQI (UWQI), in assessing the impact of six run-of-river (RoR) hydropower plants (HPs) on the water quality of the Bóbr River in Poland. The CCME WQI values ranged from 37.86 to 57.48, corresponding predominantly to Class III water quality (69.74 %). Overall, HP operations had only a minor influence on the variability of the analyzed indices, with downstream-to-upstream CCME WQI differences not exceeding 5 %. Although no detectable changes in water quality were attributed to hydropower activity, substantial discrepancies were observed among the applied classification schemes (Polish – new and old – and Portuguese systems). Changes in WQI values were found to be more strongly influenced by reservoir-type HPs than by RoR HPs. For example, the observed variations for reservoir versus RoR HPs were: OIP (−18.81 %/-1.59 %), DWQI (−8.22 %/0.84 %), and UWQI (5.40 %/0.12 %). This study shows that RoR HPs have minimal impact on river water quality, with most changes falling within natural variability. However, discrepancies between WQIs and classification systems highlight the need for standardized assessment methods. These results advance understanding of hydropower–environment interactions and support the development of sustainable, climate-resilient hydropower management strategies through multi-index integration and cross-national comparisons of classification systems.

强有力的水质评估对于支持基于证据的水电政策和遵守流域管理目标至关重要。本研究基于25个水质参数，评估了选定的水质指数（WQI）、加拿大环境部长理事会WQI （CCME WQI）、俄勒冈州WQI （OWQI）、总体污染指数（OIP）、迪尼乌斯WQI （DWQI）和通用WQI （UWQI）在评估波兰Bóbr河六个径流水电站（RoR）对水质的影响时的有效性和代表性。CCME WQI值在37.86 ~ 57.48之间，主要为ⅲ类水质（69.74%）。总体而言，HP操作对分析指标的变异性影响较小，下游至上游CCME WQI差异不超过5%。虽然水力发电活动没有引起水质的明显变化，但在所采用的分类办法（波兰新旧分类办法和葡萄牙分类办法）之间观察到很大的差异。水库型hp比RoR hp对WQI值的影响更大。例如，观察到的油藏与RoR hp的变化为：OIP (- 18.81% /- 1.59%)， DWQI（- 8.22% / 0.84%）和UWQI（5.40% / 0.12%）。该研究表明，RoR HPs对河流水质的影响最小，大部分变化都在自然变率范围内。然而，wqi和分类系统之间的差异突出了标准化评估方法的必要性。这些结果促进了对水电与环境相互作用的理解，并通过多指标整合和分类系统的跨国比较，为可持续、气候适应型水电管理战略的制定提供了支持。

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引用次数: 0

Duckweed-based systems in the water-energy-food nexus: controlled environment agriculture (CEA) for industrial water reuse and nutrient recovery 水-能量-食物关系中的浮萍系统：用于工业水再利用和养分回收的受控环境农业

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2026.100343

Anna Jurga , Agnieszka Jugowicz , Monika Brandić Lipińska , Tomasz Rodziewicz , Bartosz Kaźmierczak

Duckweed (Lemnaceae) is gaining increasing attention as a multifunctional bioresource for wastewater treatment, nutrient recovery, food, feed, and bioenergy production, as well as for closed-loop life support systems. Its rapid growth, high nutrient uptake capacity, and aquatic growth habit make it particularly suitable for integration into controlled environment agriculture (CEA) systems within the water-energy-food nexus. This review synthesizes recent advances in indoor duckweed cultivation, focusing on laboratory- and pilot-scale systems with working volumes exceeding 1 L. The aim is to identify key biological and engineering factors governing system performance and to assess the feasibility of scaling duckweed-based CEA for industrial and municipal water reuse applications. Comparative analysis of reported studies shows that short-term laboratory experiments frequently overestimate long-term productivity, with relative growth rates declining as cultivation duration and system complexity increase. System performance is strongly influenced by hydraulic design, culture depth, mat density, harvesting strategy, nutrient dosing, microbiological control, and energy input, particularly for lighting and climate regulation. Pilot-scale studies demonstrate that stable operation and realistic productivity require integrated management of biological processes and engineering subsystems rather than optimization of single parameters. Major knowledge gaps remain in long-term nutrient management, microbial stability, standardized performance metrics, and techno-economic assessment. Overall, duckweed-based CEA represents a promising but still emerging technology for sustainable water reuse and biomass valorization. Progress toward practical deployment will depend on pilot-scale validation, improved process integration, and robust evaluation of economic and safety constraints, with additional insights emerging from space life-support research.

浮萍（Lemnaceae）作为一种多功能生物资源，在废水处理、养分回收、食品、饲料和生物能源生产以及闭环生命维持系统中越来越受到关注。它的快速生长，高营养吸收能力和水生生长习性使其特别适合与水-能量-食物关系中的受控环境农业（CEA）系统相结合。本文综述了室内浮萍栽培的最新进展，重点是实验室和中试规模的系统，其工作体积超过1l。目的是确定控制系统性能的关键生物和工程因素，并评估扩大浮萍为基础的CEA用于工业和城市水回用的可行性。对报告研究的比较分析表明，短期实验室试验经常高估长期生产力，随着栽培时间和系统复杂性的增加，相对增长率下降。系统性能受到水力设计、培养深度、垫密度、收获策略、营养物剂量、微生物控制和能量输入（特别是照明和气候调节）的强烈影响。中试规模的研究表明，稳定的运行和现实的生产力需要对生物过程和工程子系统进行综合管理，而不是对单个参数进行优化。主要的知识缺口仍然存在于长期营养管理、微生物稳定性、标准化绩效指标和技术经济评估方面。总的来说，以浮萍为基础的CEA代表了一种有前途但仍处于新兴阶段的可持续水再利用和生物质增值技术。实际部署的进展将取决于中试规模的验证、改进的过程集成、对经济和安全约束的可靠评估，以及来自空间生命支持研究的更多见解。

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引用次数: 0

Phytotoxicity of landfill leachate after treatment – assessment using seed germination bioassays 垃圾渗滤液处理后的植物毒性——用种子萌发生物测定法评价

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2026.100341

Aleksandra Wdowczyk , Wojciech Rykała , Dominika Dąbrowska , Agata Szymańska-Pulikowska , Vahid Nourani

Landfill leachate (LL), generated primarily by rainwater seepage through waste layers, poses a significant environmental threat owing to its complex composition. LL assessment is typically based on physicochemical analyses, which may not be sufficient for drawing reliable conclusions. Comprehensive LL characterization is crucial for monitoring the environmental impact of leachate and assessing the effectiveness of the treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship between leachate toxicity to three plant species, Sinapis alba, Lepidium sativum, and Sorghum saccharatum, and its physicochemical properties. Furthermore, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) removal efficiency from leachate was assessed. Systems without vegetation were more effective in removing PAHs than those with vegetation, achieving a concentration reduction exceeding 90 %. The difference in PAH removal between the unvegetated and vegetated systems with biochar was greater than 60 %. The longer retention time yielded the best results in leachate treatment, including a reduction of 3- and 4-ring PAHs by 57.71 % and 26.7 %, respectively, and a stimulating effect was demonstrated regardless of the system variant used. Our results indicated that raw LL inhibited plant growth and caused high phytotoxicity (Germination Index (GI) < 50 %) in all plant species analyzed. However, LL after treatment at 14-day HRT did not cause phytotoxic effects, as the GI in all cases exceeded 100 %. Clear differences in the sensitivity of individual plant species to LL were observed, with L. sativum being the most sensitive species under the majority of experimental conditions. These results provide additional reference data for risk assessment and leachate management.

堆填渗滤液主要由废物层的雨水渗透产生，其成分复杂，对环境构成严重威胁。LL评估通常基于物理化学分析，这可能不足以得出可靠的结论。全面的LL表征对于监测渗滤液的环境影响和评估处理效果至关重要。因此，本研究旨在评价渗滤液对三种植物Sinapis alba、Lepidium sativum和Sorghum saccharatum的毒性及其理化性质的关系。此外，还对渗滤液中多环芳烃（PAHs）的去除效果进行了评价。没有植被的系统比有植被的系统更有效地去除多环芳烃，其浓度降低幅度超过90%。无植被系统和有植被系统对多环芳烃的去除率差异大于60%。较长的滞留时间在渗滤液处理中产生了最好的效果，包括3环和4环多环芳烃分别减少了57.71%和26.7%，并且无论使用哪种系统变体都证明了刺激作用。我们的研究结果表明，在所有被分析的植物物种中，生的LL抑制了植物的生长，并产生了很高的植物毒性（萌发指数（GI） & 50%）。然而，14天HRT治疗后的LL没有引起植物毒性作用，因为所有病例的GI都超过100%。不同植物对LL的敏感性存在明显差异，在大多数实验条件下，L. sativum是最敏感的物种。这些结果为风险评估和渗滤液管理提供了额外的参考数据。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning and explainable AI for predicting antibiotics removal in constructed Wetlands: Key factors and management implications 预测人工湿地抗生素去除的机器学习和可解释的人工智能：关键因素和管理意义

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100340

Byeongwon Lee , Hyemin Jeong , Younghun Lee , Young Mo Kim , Sangchul Lee

Antibiotics are increasingly detected in aquatic environments due to continuous inputs from human and veterinary sources. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a low-cost and sustainable treatment option for antibiotics, but developing CWs for maximizing their efficiency is challenging due to causative factors. This study applied machine learning (ML) models and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to predict removal efficiency of antibiotics in CWs and identify key factors. A dataset of 199 observational cases was compiled from previous literature. Seven factors, including CW type, plant species, hydraulic retention time (HRT), hydraulic loading rate, surface area, influent antibiotic concentration, and antibiotic class, are considered as input variables. Six ML models were applied, and Shapley additive explanations, used as XAI, were applied to identify key causative factors. Among the ML models, CatBoost showed the highest prediction accuracy on the test set (R² = 0.81). Overall, antibiotic class, influent antibiotic concentration, and HRT were identified as the most influential features, followed by plant species and CW type. This finding suggested that the three controllable variables (CW type, HRT, and plant species) should be carefully considered in CW design to efficiently remove antibiotics. This study elucidated complex relationships between causative factors and CW removal efficiency using MLs, identifying data-driven importance patterns and key interactions influencing removal behavior. The results provide practical ML-based insights for CW design and highlight the potential of ML in managing environmental pollutants with complex behaviors.

由于人类和兽医来源的持续投入，越来越多的抗生素在水生环境中被发现。人工湿地（CWs）是一种低成本和可持续的抗生素治疗选择，但由于致病因素的影响，开发最大化其效率的人工湿地具有挑战性。本研究应用机器学习（ML）模型和可解释人工智能（XAI）预测CWs中抗生素的去除效率，并确定关键因素。从以前的文献中编译了199个观察病例的数据集。输入变量包括CW类型、植物种类、水力滞留时间（HRT）、水力加载率、表面积、进水抗生素浓度和抗生素种类等七个因素。应用了6个ML模型，并使用Shapley加性解释作为XAI，以确定关键的致病因素。在ML模型中，CatBoost在测试集上的预测准确率最高（R2 = 0.81）。总体而言，抗生素种类、进水抗生素浓度和HRT被确定为影响最大的特征，其次是植物种类和CW类型。这一发现提示，为了有效地去除抗生素，在设计连续波时应仔细考虑三个可控变量（连续波类型、HRT和植物种类）。本研究利用MLs阐明了致病因素与连续波去除效率之间的复杂关系，确定了数据驱动的重要性模式和影响去除行为的关键相互作用。研究结果为连续波设计提供了实用的基于ML的见解，并突出了ML在管理具有复杂行为的环境污染物方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis of hydroxyapatite-keratin nanocomposites for chromium adsorption from tannery wastewater 羟基磷灰石-角蛋白纳米复合材料对制革废水中铬的吸附

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100339

Md Kazim Ahmed Zim, Md Abul Hashem, Md Enamul Hasan Zahin, Abid Hassan, Md Mukimujjaman Miem

The discharge of chrome tanning wastewater from tanneries has a significant impact on the environment. This study is focused on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite keratin nanocomposites (HAKNCs) and characterized through UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM for chromium (Cr) adsorption from tannery wastewater. In a batch test, the chromium adsorption on HAKNCs is investigated by monitoring different parameters. At optimized conditions (e.g., dose 12 g L⁻¹, pH 9.0, contact time of 20 min, and equilibrium time of 30 min), chromium removal and adsorption capacity were at 96.88 % and 40.41 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The other pollutants-biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), chemical oxygen demand (COD), salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC) also significantly reduced at 85.59 %, 89.98 %, 86.25 %, 72.91 %, and 38.91 %, respectively. The promising highly chromium adsorption capacity is ensured by pHpzc and zeta potential analysis. The Freundlich isotherm and Pseudo-Second-Order (PSO) kinetics reaction were suited for chromium adsorption on HAKNCs. Thermodynamic studies suggested that the adsorbate (Cr)-HAKNCs reaction was spontaneous, endothermic, chemisorption, and irregular. The desorption study and its reusability favored the adsorption mechanism. Hence, HAKNC is a highly promising method for reducing leather industrial pollutants.

制革厂铬鞣废水的排放对环境造成了重大影响。研究了羟基磷灰石角蛋白纳米复合材料（HAKNCs）的合成，并通过紫外可见光谱、FT-IR、XRD、SEM和TEM对其吸附制革废水中的铬（Cr）进行了表征。在批量试验中，通过监测不同的参数，研究了HAKNCs对铬的吸附。在最佳条件下（剂量为12 g L−1，pH为9.0，接触时间为20 min，平衡时间为30 min），铬的去除率和吸附量分别为96.88%和40.41 mg g−1。其他污染物生化需氧量（BOD5）、化学需氧量（COD）、盐度、总溶解固形物（TDS）和电导率（EC）也分别显著降低85.59%、89.98%、86.25%、72.91%和38.91%。pHpzc和zeta电位分析证实了该材料具有良好的高铬吸附能力。Freundlich等温线和伪二阶动力学反应适合于铬在HAKNCs上的吸附。热力学研究表明，吸附质(Cr)-HAKNCs反应是自发的、吸热的、化学吸附的、不规则的。解吸研究及其可重复利用性有利于吸附机理的研究。因此，HAKNC是一种非常有前途的减少皮革工业污染物的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Performance evaluation of single- and multi-effect evaporators for multi-pollutant removal and energy efficiency assessment in baker's yeast wastewater 单效和多效蒸发器对面包酵母废水多污染物去除的性能评价及能效评价

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100338

Ali Dehnavi , Keivan Arastou , Hamed Kashani

Wastewater from the baker's yeast industry contains high concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants, necessitating effective treatment to minimize environmental impact. This study examines the falling film evaporator (FFE) and forced circulation evaporator (FCE) as single-effect units, as well as their combined performance in a multi-effect evaporator (MEE). To evaluate the performance of these systems, concentration reduction (C-RE), pollution load reduction (PL-RE), and grey water footprint reduction (GWF-RE) metrics are applied. Additionally, a new energy-based indicator is introduced to measure energy consumption per unit of pollutant reduction (ECI-PL) and grey water footprint reduction (ECI-GWF), providing a broader perspective on treatment sustainability. Based on C-RE, FFE removes 98.9 % of total phosphorus (TP), 94.4 % of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), and 93.5 % of chemical oxygen demand (COD), while FCE achieves the highest total nitrogen (TN) reduction at 32.8 %. GWF-RE for TP is observed at 99.4 % in FFE, 91.5 % in FCE, and 94.2 % in MEE. Energy consumption analysis reveals that the ECI-PL for TP removal ranges from 297 to 2560 kWh/kg. Despite its high energy demand, this process effectively reduces pressure on receiving water bodies, preserving between 617 (FFE) and 631 m³ (MEE) of freshwater for every kg of TP removed. These findings demonstrate that advanced evaporator systems effectively reduce the ecological footprint of baker's yeast wastewater, enhancing environmental sustainability. The results show that FFE is the most efficient in pollutant removal while maintaining lower energy consumption; however, TN reduction remains limited in this system.

面包酵母工业的废水含有高浓度的有机和无机污染物，需要有效的处理以尽量减少对环境的影响。本研究考察了降膜蒸发器（FFE）和强制循环蒸发器（FCE）作为单效装置，以及它们在多效蒸发器（MEE）中的综合性能。为了评估这些系统的性能，采用了浓度降低（C-RE）、污染负荷减少（PL-RE）和灰水足迹减少（GWF-RE）指标。此外，还引入了一个新的基于能源的指标来衡量单位污染物减排能耗（ECI-PL）和减少灰水足迹（ECI-GWF），为治理的可持续性提供了更广阔的视角。基于C-RE， FFE去除98.9%的总磷（TP）、94.4%的生化需氧量（BOD5）和93.5%的化学需氧量（COD），而FCE的总氮（TN）的去除率最高，为32.8%。TP的GWF-RE在FFE中为99.4%，在FCE中为91.5%，在MEE中为94.2%。能耗分析表明，TP去除的ECI-PL范围为297 ~ 2560 kWh/kg。尽管能源需求很高，但这一过程有效地减少了接收水体的压力，每去除一公斤总磷，可保留617至631立方米的淡水。这些发现表明，先进的蒸发器系统有效地减少了面包酵母废水的生态足迹，提高了环境的可持续性。结果表明，FFE在保持较低能耗的同时，对污染物的去除效率最高；然而，在该系统中，TN的还原仍然有限。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable geothermal water treatment with ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis: a life cycle assessment perspective 采用超滤和反渗透的可持续地热水处理：生命周期评估视角

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100337

Michał Kaczmarczyk , Barbara Tomaszewska , Nalan Kabay

Geothermal waters still represent an underutilised resource for freshwater production, yet in some cases their high mineralisation, variable temperature, and the presence of trace elements such as boron and arsenic pose significant operational and environmental challenges. Efficient treatment of these waters is essential to enable their safe reuse or discharge while maintaining the sustainability of geothermal operations. This study presents a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a pilot-scale ultrafiltration–reverse osmosis (UF–RO) system dedicated to geothermal water treatment. Environmental impacts of construction, operation, and end-of-life phases were evaluated using SimaPro 9.5.0.0 and the ReCiPe 2016 method. The novelty of this work lies in assessing a real UF–RO configuration for geothermal feedwater, thereby identifying system-specific environmental hotspots. Results show that material-related processes, particularly membrane production and disposal, dominate total impacts (≈80–85 %), followed by pump manufacture (10–15 %) and electricity use (<5 %). Improving material circularity and membrane lifespan offers the highest reduction potential.

地热水仍然是淡水生产中未充分利用的资源，但在某些情况下，地热水的高矿化、温度变化以及微量元素（如硼和砷）的存在构成了重大的运营和环境挑战。对这些水进行有效处理对于确保其安全再利用或排放，同时保持地热作业的可持续性至关重要。本研究介绍了用于地热水处理的中试超滤-反渗透（UF-RO）系统的生命周期评估（LCA）。使用SimaPro 9.5.0.0和ReCiPe 2016方法评估了建设、运营和生命周期结束阶段的环境影响。这项工作的新颖之处在于评估地热给水的真实UF-RO配置，从而确定系统特定的环境热点。结果表明，与材料相关的过程，特别是膜的生产和处理，在总影响中占主导地位（≈80 - 85%），其次是泵制造（10 - 15%）和电力使用（< 5%）。改善材料循环度和膜寿命提供了最大的减少潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced visible-light degradation and mineralization of bisphenol A using Cu-doped TiO2 photocatalysts: characterization, effectiveness, mechanism and DFT insights 使用cu掺杂TiO2光催化剂增强双酚A的可见光降解和矿化：表征，有效性，机理和DFT见解

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100335

Yassine Jari , Lidia Favier , Mohamed Chaker Necibi , Bouchaib Gourich , Christophe Vial , Abdelaziz Imgharn , Noura Najid , Ali Barhoumi , Mohammed Chafi , Veronique Alonzo , Nicolas Roche

This study reports a new visible light-driven strategy for the degradation and mineralization of bisphenol A (BPA) using copper-doped TiO₂ photocatalysts. BPA is an emerging contaminant of significant environmental and health concern. A series of Cu-doped TiO₂ catalysts with varying copper contents was synthesized via the sol-gel method and characterized using XPS, XRD, SEM-EDS, N₂ physisorption, and UV–vis spectroscopy to evaluate their structural, morphological, and optical properties. Results confirmed that copper incorporation enhanced visible-light absorption and improved electron-hole pair separation, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability. The band gap energy decreased with increasing copper content, from 2.97 eV for pure TiO₂ to 2.88, 2.41, and 2.28 eV for 1 %, 5 %, and 10 % Cu-TiO₂, respectively, as validated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Among all prepared materials, Cu(5 %)-TiO₂ exhibited the best photocatalytic performance, outperforming both pure TiO₂ and other Cu-TiO₂ variants. Under optimal conditions (5 mg/L BPA, pH 7, and 1 g/L catalyst dosage), 96.2 % BPA removal and 77.9 % mineralization were achieved. The catalyst maintained excellent reusability over four successive cycles with minimal activity loss. Scavenger experiments identified photogenerated holes (h⁺) and hydroxyl radicals (OH^•) as the main reactive species. UHPLC-MS analysis enabled the identification of intermediate products and the proposal of a plausible BPA degradation pathway. Furthermore, Cu(5 %)-TiO₂ showed high degradation efficiency for other emerging pollutants and across different water matrices, demonstrating its potential for sustainable industrial wastewater treatment applications.

本研究报道了一种新的可见光驱动策略，利用铜掺杂TiO2光催化剂降解和矿化双酚a （BPA）。双酚a是一种新兴的污染物，具有重要的环境和健康问题。采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了一系列不同铜含量的cu掺杂TiO2催化剂，并利用XPS、XRD、SEM-EDS、N2物理吸附和UV-vis光谱对其结构、形貌和光学性能进行了表征。结果证实，铜的掺入增强了可见光吸收，改善了电子-空穴对分离，从而提高了光催化活性和稳定性。通过密度泛函理论（DFT）计算证实，带隙能量随着铜含量的增加而降低，从纯TiO2的2.97 eV降至1%、5%和10% Cu-TiO2的2.88、2.41和2.28 eV。在所有制备的材料中，Cu(5%)-TiO2表现出最好的光催化性能，优于纯TiO2和其他Cu-TiO2变体。在最佳条件下（BPA为5 mg/L， pH为7，催化剂用量为1 g/L）， BPA去除率为96.2%，矿化率为77.9%。催化剂在连续四个循环中保持了良好的可重复使用性，活性损失最小。清道夫实验确定光生空穴（h+）和羟基自由基（OH•）是主要的活性物质。UHPLC-MS分析鉴定了中间产物，并提出了可行的双酚a降解途径。此外，Cu(5%)-TiO2对其他新兴污染物和不同水基质具有较高的降解效率，显示了其在可持续工业废水处理中的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Application of waste rigid polyurethane foam for oil removal from water 废硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在水中除油中的应用

IF 7.5 3区工程技术 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water Resources and Industry

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.wri.2025.100336

Roland Nagy , Rebeka Bejczi

This study investigated the use of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam for demulsifying oil-containing emulsions, focusing on improving oil removal from water. Emulsions with 5 V/V% oil content were treated using PUR foams of different geometries to evaluate how foam structure affects separation efficiency. During demulsification, the coalescence of fine oil droplets led to the formation of larger aggregates, which increased turbidity; therefore, in this study, higher turbidity indicated a more advanced demulsification stage rather than poorer water quality. Both larger PUR surface area and higher foam volume enhanced the coalescence process and improved oil removal efficiency. The results demonstrate that waste PUR foam can be effectively repurposed for oil–water separation, supporting sustainable and resource-efficient wastewater treatment.

研究了硬质聚氨酯（PUR）泡沫塑料对含油乳剂的破乳效果，重点研究了其对水中除油效果的影响。采用不同几何形状的PUR泡沫对含油量为5 V/V%的乳剂进行处理，以评价泡沫结构对分离效率的影响。破乳过程中，细油滴聚结形成较大的团聚体，增加了浊度；因此，在本研究中，浊度越高说明破乳阶段越先进，而不是水质越差。更大的聚氨酯比表面积和更高的泡沫体积都能促进聚结过程，提高除油效率。结果表明，废弃PUR泡沫塑料可以有效地用于油水分离，支持可持续和资源高效的废水处理。

引用次数: 0