Effects of Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus plantarum on the fermentation quality, aerobic stability and microbial community of triticale silage

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI:10.1186/s40538-023-00446-z

Shengnan Li, Wencan Ke, Qing Zhang, Dan Undersander, Guijie Zhang

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Background

Due to its hollow stem, ensiling triticale presents a challenge as it may cause an overabundance of oxygen during the fermentation process. This study investigated the effects of Bacillus coagulans (BC) and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on the fermentation characteristics, microbial community, and aerobic stability of ensiled triticale. Fresh triticale was wilted at a dry matter content of 350 g/kg. The experiment was arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with both BC and commercial LP added at 0 or 1 × 10⁶ cfu/g of fresh weight (FW) of chopped triticale.

Results

After 60 days of ensiling, the pH, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) of inoculated groups were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05), especially in the LP + BC treatment (P < 0.05). The lactic acid (LA) concentration, lactic acid/acetic acid (LA/AA), and aerobic stability were also higher (P < 0.05) in the LP + BC treatment than in other treatments. The bacterial diversity was reduced, and the richness was increased by the application of LP and BC individually (P < 0.05). Compared with the control silage, LP-treated silage had higher Lactobacillus (P < 0.05), while BC-treated silage had higher Bacillus and Pediococcus (P < 0.05). The LP + BC-treated silage had higher Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Enterococcus, and Serratia (P < 0.05). Bacillus was negatively correlated with NDF (P < 0.05) and AA (P < 0.05). Lactobacillus was positively correlated with LA (P < 0.05) and LA/AA but negatively with pH and NH₃-N (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The combination of BC and LP may lead to improved ensiled triticale fermentation quality and aerobic stability by inducing alterations in the composition of bacterial communities, which is crucial for the efficient utilization of triticale resources.

Graphical Abstract

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凝固芽孢杆菌和植物乳杆菌对小黑麦青贮发酵品质、好氧稳定性和微生物群落的影响

由于其中空的茎，青贮小黑麦提出了一个挑战，因为它可能导致在发酵过程中氧气过剩。本试验研究了凝固芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans, BC)和植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum, LP)对青贮小黑麦发酵特性、微生物群落和有氧稳定性的影响。鲜小黑麦在干物质含量为350 g/kg时进行萎蔫。试验采用2 × 2因子设计，在小黑麦碎鲜重(FW)中分别添加0或1 × 106 cfu/g BC和商业LP。结果青贮60 d后，各接种组的pH、水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和氨氮(NH3-N)均低于对照组(P < 0.05)，特别是LP + BC处理(P < 0.05)。LP + BC处理的乳酸(LA)浓度、乳酸/乙酸(LA/AA)、好氧稳定性均高于其他处理(P < 0.05)。单独施用LP和BC降低了细菌多样性，增加了丰富度(P < 0.05)。与对照青贮相比，lp处理的青贮乳酸杆菌含量较高(P < 0.05)， bc处理的青贮芽孢杆菌和Pediococcus含量较高(P < 0.05)。LP + bc处理青贮的乳酸杆菌、芽孢杆菌、肠球菌和沙雷氏菌含量较高(P < 0.05)。芽孢杆菌与NDF (P < 0.05)、AA (P < 0.05)呈负相关。乳酸菌与LA、LA/AA呈正相关(P < 0.05)，与pH、NH3-N呈负相关(P < 0.05)。结论BC和LP的联合使用可能通过改变青贮小黑麦发酵过程中细菌群落组成来改善青贮小黑麦发酵质量和有氧稳定性，这对有效利用小黑麦资源至关重要。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

3.00%

发文量

审稿时长

15 weeks

期刊介绍： Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed forum for the advancement and application to all fields of agriculture of modern chemical, biochemical and molecular technologies. The scope of this journal includes chemical and biochemical processes aimed to increase sustainable agricultural and food production, the evaluation of quality and origin of raw primary products and their transformation into foods and chemicals, as well as environmental monitoring and remediation. Of special interest are the effects of chemical and biochemical technologies, also at the nano and supramolecular scale, on the relationships between soil, plants, microorganisms and their environment, with the help of modern bioinformatics. Another special focus is the use of modern bioorganic and biological chemistry to develop new technologies for plant nutrition and bio-stimulation, advancement of biorefineries from biomasses, safe and traceable food products, carbon storage in soil and plants and restoration of contaminated soils to agriculture. This journal presents the first opportunity to bring together researchers from a wide number of disciplines within the agricultural chemical and biological sciences, from both industry and academia. The principle aim of Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is to allow the exchange of the most advanced chemical and biochemical knowledge to develop technologies which address one of the most pressing challenges of our times - sustaining a growing world population. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture publishes original research articles, short letters and invited reviews. Articles from scientists in industry, academia as well as private research institutes, non-governmental and environmental organizations are encouraged.