The neuroprotective effect of betanin nanoparticles on brain ischemia–reperfusion injury

Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Animal Gene Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.angen.2023.200145

Yalda Saghari , Monireh Movahedi , Majid Tebianian , Maliheh Entezari

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Abstract

Background

Betanin is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound that has attracted the attention of researchers in a variety of diseases in recent years. Therefore, In the present study the effect of pretreatment of betanin nanoparticles (NB) in cerebral ischemia rats was investigated.

Methods

Oral administration of NB started five days before bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) induction and continued for three days thereafter in rats. The neurological disorder scores (NDS), brain swelling and edema were evaluated. After preparing brain homogenate, the intensity of oxidative stress, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, GSH content, the activities of mitochondrial enzymes SDH, MDH and LDH were studied. Also, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α cytokines were measured. The expression levels of NF-ĸB and pSTAT3 genes and proteins and ERK and TFEB proteins were also studied.

Results

NB showed strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in cerebral I/R rats and improved mitochondrial and antioxidant enzymes activities. Decreases in NDS, swelling and edema of the brain were also observed in the cerebral I/R rats receiving NB. Also, administration of NB decreased the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and upregulated the expressions of NF-KB and pSTAT3 genes and proteins and overexpressed ERK and TEFB proteins.

Conclusion

NB has neuroprotective effects in cerebral I/R condition due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties, which can be considered as a suitable treatment option in stroke conditions.

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纳米甜菜素对脑缺血再灌注损伤的神经保护作用

背景Betanin是一种抗氧化、抗炎的化合物，近年来在各种疾病中引起了研究人员的关注。因此，本研究探讨了甜菜碱纳米粒子（NB）预处理对大鼠脑缺血的影响。方法大鼠在双侧颈总动脉闭塞（BCAO）诱导前5天开始口服NB，随后持续3天。评估神经系统疾病评分（NDS）、脑肿胀和水肿。制备脑匀浆后，对氧化应激强度、抗氧化酶活性、谷胱甘肽含量、线粒体酶SDH、MDH和LDH活性进行了研究。同时测定IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α细胞因子的表达。还研究了NF-ĸB和pSTAT3基因和蛋白以及ERK和TFEB蛋白的表达水平。结果NB对脑I/R大鼠具有较强的抗炎和抗氧化作用，并能提高线粒体和抗氧化酶的活性。在接受NB的脑I/R大鼠中也观察到NDS、脑肿胀和水肿的减少。此外，给予NB降低了炎性细胞因子的表达，上调了NF-KB和pSTAT3基因和蛋白的表达，并过表达了ERK和TEFB蛋白。结论NB具有抗氧化和抗炎的特性，对脑缺血再灌注具有神经保护作用，可作为脑卒中的合适治疗方案。

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Animal Gene Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Insect Science

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期刊介绍： Gene Reports publishes papers that focus on the regulation, expression, function and evolution of genes in all biological contexts, including all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, as well as viruses. Gene Reports strives to be a very diverse journal and topics in all fields will be considered for publication. Although not limited to the following, some general topics include: DNA Organization, Replication & Evolution -Focus on genomic DNA (chromosomal organization, comparative genomics, DNA replication, DNA repair, mobile DNA, mitochondrial DNA, chloroplast DNA). Expression & Function - Focus on functional RNAs (microRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, mRNA splicing, alternative polyadenylation) Regulation - Focus on processes that mediate gene-read out (epigenetics, chromatin, histone code, transcription, translation, protein degradation). Cell Signaling - Focus on mechanisms that control information flow into the nucleus to control gene expression (kinase and phosphatase pathways controlled by extra-cellular ligands, Wnt, Notch, TGFbeta/BMPs, FGFs, IGFs etc.) Profiling of gene expression and genetic variation - Focus on high throughput approaches (e.g., DeepSeq, ChIP-Seq, Affymetrix microarrays, proteomics) that define gene regulatory circuitry, molecular pathways and protein/protein networks. Genetics - Focus on development in model organisms (e.g., mouse, frog, fruit fly, worm), human genetic variation, population genetics, as well as agricultural and veterinary genetics. Molecular Pathology & Regenerative Medicine - Focus on the deregulation of molecular processes in human diseases and mechanisms supporting regeneration of tissues through pluripotent or multipotent stem cells.