What Becomes of Chronic Juvenile Delinquents? Multifinality at Midlife

IF 1.5 1区社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI:10.1177/1541204019858741

Alan J. Drury, M. Delisi, Michael J. Elbert

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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Popular in the field of developmental psychopathology, multifinality means that an initial condition or status can manifest in diverse outcomes across life. Using a near population of federal correctional clients selected from the Midwestern United States, the current study examined the association of chronic delinquent offender status on assorted life outcomes at midlife (average age of offenders was nearly 44 years). Although just 16% of the current offenders were formerly chronic delinquents, they accounted for 13.9% of current employment, 54.6% of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) cases, 54% of those at the 90th percentile for arrest charges, 45.8% of those at the 90th percentile for assaultive arrest charges, 53% of gang activity, 43.8% of lifetime traumatic brain injury, and 22.9% of lifetime mental illness. Logistic regression models indicated that former chronic delinquency was associated with 41% reduced odds of employment, 897% increased odds of ASPD, 81% increased odds of 90th percentile offending, 82% increased odds of 90th percentile assaultive offending, 144% increased odds of gang activity, 115% increased odds of traumatic brain injury, and 141% increased odds of lifetime mental illness. Former chronic delinquency has more consistent predictive validity among males than females and among Whites than African Americans. Multifinality is a useful concept to understand the developmental course of chronic delinquency and assess noncriminal yet nevertheless socially and societally burdensome outcomes.

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什么是慢性未成年人犯罪？中年的多重终结

在发展精神病理学领域，多终性是指一种初始状态或状态可以在一生中表现出不同的结果。本研究选取了来自美国中西部的联邦监狱服刑人员，调查了长期犯罪状态与中年(罪犯的平均年龄接近44岁)各种生活结果的关系。虽然目前的罪犯中只有16%以前是长期罪犯，但他们占目前就业人数的13.9%，反社会人格障碍(ASPD)案件的54.6%，逮捕指控占第90百分位数的54%，攻击逮捕指控占第90百分位数的45.8%，帮派活动占53%，终身创伤性脑损伤占43.8%，终身精神疾病占22.9%。Logistic回归模型显示，前慢性犯罪与就业几率降低41%、反社会人格障碍几率增加897%、第90百分位犯罪几率增加81%、第90百分位攻击性犯罪几率增加82%、帮派活动几率增加144%、创伤性脑损伤几率增加115%、终身精神疾病几率增加141%相关。以前的慢性犯罪在男性中比女性和白人中比非裔美国人中具有更一致的预测效度。多重性是一个有用的概念，以了解慢性犯罪的发展过程和评估非犯罪，但社会和社会负担的结果。

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来源期刊

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

10.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice: An Interdisciplinary Journal provides academics and practitioners in juvenile justice and related fields with a resource for publishing current empirical research on programs, policies, and practices in the areas of youth violence and juvenile justice. Emphasis is placed on such topics as serious and violent juvenile offenders, juvenile offender recidivism, institutional violence, and other relevant topics to youth violence and juvenile justice such as risk assessment, psychopathy, self-control, and gang membership, among others. Decided emphasis is placed on empirical research with specific implications relevant to juvenile justice process, policy, and administration. Interdisciplinary in scope, Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice serves a diverse audience of academics and practitioners in the fields of criminal justice, education, psychology, social work, behavior analysis, sociology, law, counseling, public health, and all others with an interest in youth violence and juvenile justice.