Mark Twain’s Ambivalent Encounter with the Western Landscape

IF 0.2 0 LITERATURE, AMERICAN Mark Twain Annual Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI:10.5325/marktwaij.20.1.0190
J. W. Leonard
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Abstract

Abstract:When Mark Twain sets out on his journey west in chapter 1 of Roughing It, he is looking forward to seeing Indians and such creatures as buffalo, prairie dogs, and antelopes; traveling through (or near) magnificent plains, deserts, and mountains; and at the end of the journey, gathering bucketfuls of easily obtainable gold and silver nuggets. What he carries with him, however—aside from some clothing, his Smith & Wesson seven-shooter, Orion’s Colt revolver, and an unabridged dictionary (belonging to Orion)—are some pretty standard preconceptions about the West and its inhabitants. Though such themes reinforce our generic expectations, Twain manages to check crucial elements of expansionist desire through the novel’s various iterations of failure. In this article, I explore ways in which the rhetoric of individualist “lordship” never fully manifests, even as the landscape itself largely offers up its promissory grandeur and tabula rasa potentiality.
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马克·吐温与西部风景的矛盾邂逅
摘要:当马克·吐温在《艰难险阻》第一章中踏上西行之旅时,他期待着看到印第安人以及水牛、土拨鼠和羚羊等动物;穿越(或接近)壮丽的平原、沙漠和山脉;在旅程的最后,收集一桶桶容易获得的金银块。然而,他随身携带的东西——除了一些衣服,他的史密斯和韦森七发手枪,猎户座的柯尔特左轮手枪和一本未删节的字典(属于猎户座)——是一些相当标准的关于西部及其居民的先入为主的观念。虽然这样的主题强化了我们的一般期望,但吐温设法通过小说的各种失败迭代来检查扩张主义欲望的关键因素。在这篇文章中,我探索了个人主义“统治”的修辞从未充分体现的方式,即使风景本身在很大程度上提供了它的承诺的宏伟和平淡的潜力。
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来源期刊
Mark Twain Annual
Mark Twain Annual LITERATURE, AMERICAN-
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
14.30%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: The Mark Twain Annual publishes articles related to Mark Twain and those who surrounded him and serves as an outlet for new scholarship as well as new pedagogical approaches. It is the official publication of the Mark Twain Circle of America, an international association of people interested in the life and work of Mark Twain. The Circle encourages interest in Mark Twain and fosters the formal presentation of ideas about the author and his work, as well as the informal exchange of information among its members.
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