APOCALYPTIC CRISIS IN NIKOLAUS LENAU'S EPIC POEM "DIE ALBIGENSER"

IF 0.1 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Folia Linguistica et Litteraria Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI:10.31902/fll.41.2022.3
Zaneta Vidas Sambunjak
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Abstract

Nikolaus Lenau’s (1802–1850) Die Albigenser (1842) is one of the most important German-language political poems. The Albigensiansis a religious epic poem dealing with the history of the Middle Ages. The culmination of this period comes in the crisis of the Crusades and the persecution of heretics. In the research to date, Lenau's Albigensians have been portrayed as those devoted to the worship of the spirit. In its rejection of the physical, this dualistic heresy had incalculable social consequences. One of these consequences was the overthrow of an established order, which Lenau himself shows as unjust in his epic poem. The rites of the Albigensians are not only religious but primarily political acts. The defense and explanation of the Albigensian doctrine represents a rebellion against the Catholic Church of the time, seen as morally degenerate and in the service of a detested monarchical power. The Cathars and their fate allow Lenau to express his own revolt aptly. In the famous final verses, the revolutionary line is drawn from the Albigensians through Hus and Luther to the "stormers of the Bastille, and so on". Thus, the political accusation points beyond the historical events of the crisis into one's own present and even into the future (Deutsche Dichter 430–431). In this paper, Lenau is shown to transcend the religious, political, and social planes to form a commonly accepted universal idea. This article will address the idea that Lenau describes a time of crisis, to emphasize that with crises of this and/or a similar kind, a general upheaval of society and culture arises. The helplessness, defenselessness, and isolation of a group and/or an individual leads to a general dependency. Lenau depicts such a lack of freedom apocalyptically. The reaction to the existing reality and the consequence of crisis is the state of inner and outer dependence of the individual and the group, which is what first leads to the realization that independence and progress are in danger, which then leads to an apocalyptic vision of the future. Lenau's Albigensian poetry belongs to the tradition of German apocalyptic literature. And not only that, but in his epic poem the ideas are also represented that will only appear later in contemporary literature.
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论尼古劳斯·莱诺史诗《死的albigenser》中的末世危机
尼古劳斯·勒瑙(1802-1850)的《Albigenser》(1842)是德语最重要的政治诗歌之一。《阿尔比肯西斯史诗》是一部描写中世纪历史的宗教史诗。这一时期的高潮出现在十字军东征的危机和对异教徒的迫害中。在迄今为止的研究中,勒瑙的阿尔比派教徒被描绘成那些致力于崇拜神灵的人。由于排斥物质,这种二元论的异端邪说产生了不可估量的社会后果。其中一个后果是推翻了既定的秩序,勒瑙本人在他的史诗中表示这是不公正的。阿尔比派教徒的仪式不仅是宗教行为,而且主要是政治行为。对阿尔比派教义的辩护和解释代表了对当时天主教会的反叛,被视为道德堕落和为令人憎恶的君主权力服务。卡特里派和他们的命运让莱诺恰当地表达了自己的反抗。在著名的最后几节中,革命的路线是从阿尔比派到胡斯和路德,再到“巴士底狱的风暴者等等”。因此,政治指责超越了危机的历史事件,指向自己的现在甚至未来(Deutsche Dichter 430-431)。在本文中,Lenau被证明超越了宗教,政治和社会层面,形成了一个普遍接受的普遍观念。本文将阐述Lenau描述危机时期的观点,强调随着这种或类似的危机,社会和文化的普遍动荡就会出现。一个群体和/或个人的无助、无助和孤立会导致一种普遍的依赖。勒瑙以启示录的方式描绘了这种自由的缺乏。对现有现实和危机后果的反应是个人和群体的内在和外在依赖状态,这首先导致认识到独立和进步处于危险之中,然后导致对未来的世界末日的看法。勒瑙的阿尔比派诗歌属于德国启示文学的传统。不仅如此,在他的史诗中,这些思想也在后来的当代文学中得到了体现。
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来源期刊
Folia Linguistica et Litteraria
Folia Linguistica et Litteraria HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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0.10
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29
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