DISTRIBUTION OF DR-TB BY SEX, AGE GROUPS, OCCUPATION, PROVINCE, DIVISION, DISTRICT, TYPE OF DISEASE, TYPE OF DRUG RESISTANCE, TREATMENT REGIMEN AND OUTCOME OF TREATMENT IN DR-TB POPULATION IN D.I.KHAN DIVISION, PAKISTAN

Abstract

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is the major cause of mortality worldwide. Our objectives were to determine the distribution of DR-TB by sex, age groups, occupation, province, division, district, type of disease, type of drug resistance, treatment regimen and outcome of treatment in DR-TB population in D.I.Khan Division, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Community Medicine, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, Pakistan. A sample of 286 DR-TB patients was selected consecutively from population at risk. Sex, age groups, occupation, province, division and district were demographic while type of disease, type of drug resistance, treatment regimen and outcome of treatment were research variables. All variables being nominal were described by count, percentage & cumulative percentage with 95% confidence interval for proportion. Distribution of DR-TB patients by all the ten variables were substantiated by chi-square goodness-of-fit test. Results: Out of 286 DR-TB patients, 123 (43%) were men and 163 (57%) women. DR-TB cases were most prevalent in age group 15-44 years 172 (60.14%), housewife 140 (48.95%), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 175 (61.19%), D.I.Khan Division 178 (62.24%) and district 121 (42.31%). Most common type of disease, drug resistance and treatment regimen was pulmonary TB 282 (98.60%), MDR 273 (95.45%) and longer treatment (n=273 MDR-TB) 246 (90.11%) respectively. Treatment success rate was 161 (56.29%). The observed prevalence by occupation, province, division, district and type of disease in our sample was similar to expected prevalence in population (p>.05 for all), while it was different from population by sex, age groups, type of drug resistance, regimen and treatment outcome (p<.05 for all). Conclusion: The prevalence of DR-TB was higher in women, age group 15-44 years, housewife, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and D.I.Khan Division and District. Most common type of disease, drug resistance and treatment regimen was pulmonary TB, MDR and longer treatment respectively. Treatment success rate was 56.29%. The observed prevalence by occupation, province, division, district and type of disease in sample was similar to population, while it was different by sex, age groups, type of drug resistance, regimen and treatment outcome.