Three paradoxes of bounded rationality

IF 1.4 1区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Philosophers' Imprint Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI:10.3998/phimp.1198
D. Thorstad
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Abstract

My aim in this paper is to develop a unified solution to three paradoxes of bounded rationality. The first is the regress problem that incorporating cognitive bounds into models of rational decisionmaking generates a regress of higher-order decision problems. The second is the problem of rational irrationality: it sometimes seems rational for bounded agents to act irrationally on the basis of rational deliberation. The third is the rational inevitability of maximization: it seems that behavior must maximize some important quantity such as value or choiceworthiness in order to be rational, contradicting the claim that bounded rationality is a form of satisficing rather than maximization. I review two strategies which have been brought to bear on these problems: the way of weakening which responds by weakening rational norms, and the way of indirection which responds by letting the rationality of behavior be determined by the rationality of the deliberative processes which produced it. Then I propose and defend a third way to confront the paradoxes: the way of level separation.
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有限理性的三个悖论
我在这篇论文中的目的是为有限理性的三个悖论开发一个统一的解决方案。第一个是回归问题,将认知界限纳入理性决策模型会产生高阶决策问题的回归。第二个问题是理性非理性问题:有界主体在理性思考的基础上做出非理性行为有时似乎是理性的。第三是最大化的理性必然性:行为似乎必须最大化一些重要的量,如价值或选择性,才能是理性的,这与有限理性是一种满足而不是最大化的说法相矛盾。我回顾了针对这些问题提出的两种策略:一种是通过弱化理性规范来回应的弱化方式,另一种是让行为的合理性由产生行为的审议过程的合理性决定的间接回应方式。
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来源期刊
Philosophers' Imprint
Philosophers' Imprint PHILOSOPHY-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
7.10%
发文量
27
审稿时长
20 weeks
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