Changes and significance of serum Klotho protein levels in different stages of chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Objective To explore the changes and significance of Klotho protein levels in different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods From March 2015 to December 2017, 176 patients with CKD admitted to nephrology department of Inner Mongolia People's Hospital were selected as the study object (CKD group), and 80 healthy patients in our hospital were selected as the control group in the same period.The serum Klotho levels of CKD patients and control group at different stages were detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA, and the differences between each group were compared. Results The serum Klotho level of CKD group ((4.84±1.87) μg/L) was significantly lower than that of the control group ((9.11±3.14) μg/L)(t=13.82, P<0.01). One-way anova showed that estimated renal glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb), blood calcium (Ca) and serum Klotho were gradually decreased, while phosphorus (P) and creatinine (Cr) in serum were gradually increased, and the difference was statistically significant among the five stages(all P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that Klotho level was positively correlated with eGFR and Ca, and negatively correlated with CKD stage, Cr and P (r=0.369, 0.160, -0.200, -0.250, -0.230, all P<0.05). The multiple linear regression equation showed that Klotho level was positively and independently correlated with eGFR (t=3.89, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with CKD staging independently (t=-4.12, P<0.001). Conclusion The expression level of serum Klotho protein in patients with CKD is lower than that of healthy people, and it decreases with the increase of CKD stages, which is closely related to the deterioration of renal function.It can be used as a reference index to evaluate the incidence and severity of CKD. Key words: Chronic kidney disease; Klotho protein; Chronic kidney disease stage; Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Renal function