SARS-CoV-2 variants and COVID-19 vaccines: Current challenges and future strategies.

IF 4.3 4区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY International Reviews of Immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-28 DOI:10.1080/08830185.2022.2079642
Wenping Gong, Seppo Parkkila, Xueqiong Wu, Ashok Aspatwar
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引用次数: 23

Abstract

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global threat. Despite strict control measures implemented worldwide and immunization using novel vaccines, the pandemic continues to rage due to emergence of several variants of SARS-CoV-2 with increased transmission and immune escape. The rapid spread of variants of concern (VOC) in the recent past has created a massive challenge for the control of COVID-19 pandemic via the currently used vaccines. Vaccines that are safe and effective against the current and future variants of SARS-CoV-2 are essential in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid production and massive rollout of next-generation vaccines against the variants are key steps to control the COVID-19 pandemic and to help us return to normality. Coordinated surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, rapid redesign of new vaccines and extensive vaccination are needed to counter the current SARS-CoV-2 variants and prevent the emergence of new variants. In this article, we review the latest information on the VOCs and variants of interest (VOIs) and present the information on the clinical trials that are underway on evaluating the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines on VOCs. We also discuss the current challenges posed by the VOCs in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic and future strategies to overcome the threat posed by the highly virulent and rapidly transmissible variants of SARS-CoV2.

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SARS-CoV-2变体和COVID-19疫苗:当前挑战和未来战略
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)引起的COVID-19大流行已成为全球威胁。尽管在世界范围内实施了严格的控制措施并使用新型疫苗进行免疫接种,但由于出现了几种传播和免疫逃逸增加的SARS-CoV-2变体,大流行继续肆虐。最近,关注变异体(VOC)的迅速传播给通过目前使用的疫苗控制COVID-19大流行带来了巨大挑战。针对当前和未来的SARS-CoV-2变种安全有效的疫苗对于控制COVID-19大流行至关重要。快速生产和大规模推出针对这些变体的下一代疫苗是控制COVID-19大流行和帮助我们恢复正常的关键步骤。需要对SARS-CoV-2进行协调监测、快速重新设计新疫苗和广泛接种疫苗,以对抗当前的SARS-CoV-2变体并防止新变体的出现。在本文中,我们回顾了有关VOCs和感兴趣变异(voi)的最新信息,并介绍了正在进行的评估COVID-19疫苗对VOCs有效性的临床试验的信息。我们还讨论了目前VOCs在控制COVID-19大流行方面所面临的挑战,以及克服高毒力和快速传播的SARS-CoV2变体所构成威胁的未来战略。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
4.00%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: This review journal provides the most current information on basic and translational research in immunology and related fields. In addition to invited reviews, the journal accepts for publication articles and editorials on relevant topics proposed by contributors. Each issue of International Reviews of Immunology contains both solicited and unsolicited review articles, editorials, and ''In-this-Issue'' highlights. The journal also hosts reviews that position the authors'' original work relative to advances in a given field, bridging the gap between annual reviews and the original research articles. This review series is relevant to all immunologists, molecular biologists, microbiologists, translational scientists, industry researchers, and physicians who work in basic and clinical immunology, inflammatory and allergic diseases, vaccines, and additional topics relevant to medical research and drug development that connect immunology to disciplines such as oncology, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. Covered in International Reviews of Immunology: Basic and developmental immunology (innate and adaptive immunity; inflammation; and tumor and microbial immunology); Clinical research (mechanisms of disease in man pertaining to infectious diseases, autoimmunity, allergy, oncology / immunology); and Translational research (relevant to biomarkers, diagnostics, vaccines, and drug development).
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