In praise of triads

IF 1.8 3区 化学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI:10.1007/s10698-022-09434-x
Eric R. Scerri
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The article begins with a response to a recent contribution by Jensen, in which he has criticized several aspects of the use of triads of elements, including Döbereiner’s original introduction of the concept and the modern use of atomic number triads by some authors including myself. Such triads are groups of three elements, one of which has approximately the average atomic weight of the other two elements, as well as having intermediate chemical reactivity. I also examine Jensen’s attempted reconstruction Mendeleev’s use of triads in predicting the atomic weights of three hitherto unknown elements, that were subsequently named gallium, germanium and scandium. The present article then considers the use of atomic number triads, in conjunction with the phenomenon of first member anomaly, in order to offer support for Janet’s left-step periodic table, in which helium is relocated into group 2 of the table. Such a table features triads in which the 2nd and third elements of each group, without fail, fall into periods of equal length, a feature that is absent in the conventional 18-column or the conventional 32-column table. The dual sense of the term element, which is the source of much discussion in the philosophy of chemistry, is alluded to in further support of such a relocation of helium that may at first appear to contradict chemical intuition.

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这篇文章的开头是对Jensen最近的一篇文章的回应,他在文章中批评了元素三元组使用的几个方面,包括Döbereiner对这个概念的最初介绍,以及包括我在内的一些作者对原子序数三元组的现代使用。这种三元化合物是由三种元素组成的基团,其中一种元素的原子量约为其他两种元素的平均原子量,并且具有中等的化学反应活性。我还研究了延森的重构尝试,门捷列夫用三和弦来预测三种迄今未知的元素的原子量,这三种元素后来被命名为镓、锗和钪。然后,本文考虑使用原子序数三元组,结合第一元素异常现象,以便为Janet的左步元素周期表提供支持,其中氦被重新定位到周期表的第2族。这样的表具有三元组的特征,其中每组的第二和第三个元素无一例外地属于相同长度的周期,这是传统的18列或32列表所没有的特征。“元素”一词的双重意义,是化学哲学中许多讨论的来源,在进一步支持氦的这种重新定位时被提及,这种重新定位最初可能看起来与化学直觉相矛盾。
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Foundations of Chemistry
Foundations of Chemistry HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-
自引率
22.20%
发文量
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期刊介绍: Foundations of Chemistry is an international journal which seeks to provide an interdisciplinary forum where chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, educators and sociologists with an interest in foundational issues can discuss conceptual and fundamental issues which relate to the `central science'' of chemistry. Such issues include the autonomous role of chemistry between physics and biology and the question of the reduction of chemistry to quantum mechanics. The journal will publish peer-reviewed academic articles on a wide range of subdisciplines, among others: chemical models, chemical language, metaphors, and theoretical terms; chemical evolution and artificial self-replication; industrial application, environmental concern, and the social and ethical aspects of chemistry''s professionalism; the nature of modeling and the role of instrumentation in chemistry; institutional studies and the nature of explanation in the chemical sciences; theoretical chemistry, molecular structure and chaos; the issue of realism; molecular biology, bio-inorganic chemistry; historical studies on ancient chemistry, medieval chemistry and alchemy; philosophical and historical articles; and material of a didactic nature relating to all topics in the chemical sciences. Foundations of Chemistry plans to feature special issues devoted to particular themes, and will contain book reviews and discussion notes. Audience: chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, chemical educators, sociologists, and other scientists with an interest in the foundational issues of science.
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